<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div>Good day all,</div><div><br></div><div>It's time to revisit the topic of net neutrality which in my opinion hasn't been quite fleshed out.<br></div><div><br></div><div>ISPs in the early days, circa the '90s, had assumptions that today no longer hold true. From my reading, users were expected to do light tasks like check their email, surf the web and occasionally download some files. Well these assumptions have taken ~30 years to validate and they are being broken down!</div><div><br></div><div>Reality today is that innovations have further pushed and strained the net. The "inter networks" is just a collection of networks and computers communicating with each other. In the early days, large orgs or corporations had mutual and voluntary agreements of peering into each other's networks where the value of the traffic was assumed at the end of day/month etc would be balanced between what a peer pushed through you and what you pushed through them.</div><div><br></div><div>Fast forward to today, Content companies are the ones pushing all the bandwidth down and there is no reciprocity. What happens to switches and their buffers at the ISPs? They start to drop packets as they are being saturated/bogged down by the spikes. What happens to all other traffic like people doing a web search, scrolling through emails, reading blogs etc? They will all be affected by packet loss, slower pings(higher RTTs) and increased jitter(packet delay). The other ISP's customers will simply be given priority!<br></div><div><br></div><div>Yes, it was a failure on the ISPs when they were building their business models but at the end of day something has to give. And yes, there is prioritization in traffic like for voice and video. VOIP packets have priority tags(are moved up the queue) and ever wonder why in networks(mobile or WI-FI) you are defaulted to a lower quality compared to the speeds? Well ISPs are forcing you down these selections at the start as they don't want you hitting their networks as much. See bandwidth or traffic shaping. The notion of "net neutrality" inaugurating "speed" lanes is simply untrue; they have existed but of concern here is <b>paid prioritization</b> or in some instances large ISPs having conglomerates favouring their own content provider(s).<br></div><div><br></div><div>There are generally two solutions from the ISPs perspective:</div><div><br></div><div> (1). Make the end users have variable pricing for their "WI-FI" bills just like you pay for what you consume with electricity & water, <b>which we(as consumers) highly dislike</b> <b>for the internet</b> or,</div><div> (2). Have a fixed charge for your fixed data customers and make the content and whoever will innovate high bandwidth products pay for the spikes/elevated/bursts. They already have a relationship with their customer and they can easily track their usages. They collect from their customers and pay the ISPs who are presumed to have aggregates of bandwidth overages for each content/high bandwidth pushing company.<br></div><div><br></div><div>No. 2 is what happens in bills for colocations and some hosting provider's bandwidth/fibre. There is a committed and burstable data rate. This is the classic 95th(95-5) percentile billing model.</div><div><br></div><div> An interesting read by Steven Levy: In the Plex HOW GOOGLE THINKS, WORKS AND SHAPES OUR LIVES, PART FOUR: GOOGLE'S CLOUD chapter 2: "My Job was to get in the car, get on a plane, go find data centers." accounts how #Google in their earlier days squeezed terabytes of indexed data from west to east coast colocation facilities in ~15 - 18 hour bursts per month. They then literally turned off their router ports for 28-29 days per month and their bandwidth costs would be zero! <br></div><div><br></div><div>I haven't touched on #Netflix's Open Connect, a caching solution installed at an ISP's large router(s), as only <b>5% </b>of traffic is delivered through it. However, the reporting is ~ 10 yrs old and would be happy to see newer numbers. Also, there was a notable unfairness where #Netflix was paying and setting up infrastructure at #Comcast but expected the opposite from small ISPs.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Finally, I don't see how 5G will cool this problem as it occurs at the exchanges and peering points. <br></div><div><br></div><div>Yours Kindly,</div><div>Adrian<br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, 12 Oct 2021 at 11:15, <<a href="mailto:kictanet-request@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet-request@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Send KICTANet mailing list submissions to<br>
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Today's Topics:<br>
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1. Re: Should streaming services pay ISPs for increased traffic?<br>
(Josiah Mugambi)<br>
<br><br><br>---------- Forwarded message ----------<br>From: Josiah Mugambi <<a href="mailto:josiah.mugambi@gmail.com" target="_blank">josiah.mugambi@gmail.com</a>><br>To: "Kenya's premier ICT Policy engagement platform" <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>><br>Cc: <br>Bcc: <br>Date: Tue, 12 Oct 2021 11:13:57 +0300<br>Subject: Re: [kictanet] Should streaming services pay ISPs for increased traffic?<br><div dir="ltr"><div>Almost certain that Netflix content is mirrored in Korea given that:</div><div>- Netflix hosts on AWS</div><div>- AWS has <a href="https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/global-infrastructure/regions_az/" target="_blank">availability zones</a> in Seoul</div><div><br></div><div><a href="https://techcrunch.com/2021/09/30/south-korean-isp-sk-broadband-counterclaims-against-netflix-for-bandwidth-usage-fees/" target="_blank">This</a> is also interesting:</div><div><br></div><div>"Meanwhile, another global streaming giant, Disney Plus, is set to launch in South Korea in November. Disney Plus reportedly plans to use third-party content delivery networks (CDNs) instead of using ISP’s networks to avoid the bandwidth usage fees."</div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, Oct 11, 2021 at 1:27 PM Kathy Mwai via KICTANet <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr">I don't think that YouTube presents the same traffic problem to ISPs that Netflix does. (By the way I'm an on and off Netflix subscriber so I haven't particularly experienced any issues watching any big hyped shows like the game of thrones or the Squid games at the moment) The nature of Netflix content is similar to the movie theatres. When it's a blockbuster being premiered like with the Bond movie this last week, the traffic to the movie theaters is more as I experienced last weekend: But not when it's just kawaida movies, and YouTube never churns out content in this fashion, so we could remove them from the notorious list for now. <div><br></div><div>That being said, if anything I think it should only be Netflix incentivising a rounded up figure not the content providers and if it means Netflix deducts a cost from the content providers to forward to the ISPs, so be it I suppose? At the end of the day, content gets broadcast as that is the intention. Perhaps I'm being naive in imagining a perfect world where such good business practices exist, but what if really? Or maybe once 5G becomes ubiquitous the conversation will change...</div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, 11 Oct 2021 at 13:09, Odhiambo Washington <<a href="mailto:odhiambo@gmail.com" target="_blank">odhiambo@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div>So, if Netflix, YT, and all the other content providers decide to incentivise, how will they measure how much the incentive has worked? And how much value do they get from their funds?</div><div>Will the ISPs be incentivised based on the traffic volumes to the content providers or just a rounded up figure?</div><div>Perhaps the best way out of this is for the ISPs to come together and ask the content providers to put their content infrastructure locally (mirror the content) so that their int'l bandwidth is left</div><div>untouched???</div><div><br></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, Oct 11, 2021 at 12:58 PM Kathy Mwai via KICTANet <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr">This seems to me to be a Business Sustainability Strategy for Netflix, because if users don't have a good experience with its content as a result of slow speeds, will people want to keep subscribing for a service they feel they may not get the full experience of? And I suppose envisaging this situation could be the reason why they have different packages based on your pipe output. Netflix and content providers obviously majorly depend on ISPs for the success of their undertaking, and so I feel that it is good business practice for Netflix to incentivise ISPs to enable them upgrade their services. And that they should probably do that especially in geographies where they have high subscriptions and not just in the US, and to be proactive about it. This way everyone stays in business...</div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Sat, 9 Oct 2021 at 09:53, Ali Hussein via KICTANet <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div style="font-family:georgia,serif"><a class="gmail_plusreply" id="m_-8063635745805516448m_-2330685924390147916m_-6863827633064474523m_4713642285183855624m_-8377337541421982135gmail-m_-2294557380819815469gmail-m_1790058866749989749gmail-m_4664208076472499293gmail-m_3476896945468844648gmail-m_-7797503822385479486gmail-m_-2195377643380495253gmail-m_-1762938386663628895gmail-m_790257105716123586gmail-m_3721167496174227334plusReplyChip-0" href="mailto:kivuva@kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">@Mwendwa Kivuva</a> and all<br clear="all"></div><div style="font-family:georgia,serif"><br></div><div style="font-family:georgia,serif">I think ISPs are not being realistic. On one hand they squeeze us on 'fair usage' on the other hand they are squeezing content providers for 'over using' their pipes. If content creation is so lucrative why not get into it? </div><div style="font-family:georgia,serif"><br></div><div style="font-family:georgia,serif">Let me remind everyone the principles of Net Neutrality - </div><div style="font-family:georgia,serif"><br></div><div><font face="georgia, serif"><b><span style="color:rgb(32,33,36)">Net neutrality is the concept that states that organizations, </span><span style="color:rgb(32,33,36)">such as Internet service providers, should treat all data on the internet equally</span><span style="color:rgb(32,33,36)">. It promotes a free and open internet, where users can access content without restriction, provided the content does not violate any laws.</span></b></font></div><div><br></div><div><font face="georgia, serif">If we allow this loop hole you suggest where does it end? Let's take a look at our local scenario in Kenya. </font></div><div><font face="georgia, serif"><br></font></div><div><font face="georgia, serif">Safaricom is already in the content business. If we allow this liberal interpretation of Net Neutrality it won't be long before they demand gatekeeping charges from Viusasa and other local content providers...Which will create a clear conflict of interest.</font></div><div><font face="georgia, serif"><br></font></div><div><font face="georgia, serif">Let's be careful. I have ALWAYS advocated for a clear Policy and Regulatory interpretation of Net Neutrality Rules in this country. We are yet to see any. MOICT and CA wako wapi? </font></div><div><font face="georgia, serif"><br></font></div><div><font face="georgia, serif">Regards</font></div><div><font face="georgia, serif"><br></font></div><div><font face="georgia, serif"><b><font size="2">Ali
Hussein</font></b><br></font></div><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="2" face="georgia, serif"><span>Fintech | </span>Digital Transformation</font></p><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><br></p><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="2"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span>T<font size="2">el: +254 713 60<font size="2">1113</font></font><br></span></span></font></p><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="2"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span>Twitter: @AliHKassim</span><span></span></span></font></p><font size="2"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif">
</span></font><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="2"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span>Skype: abu-jomo</span></span></font></p><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="2"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span>LinkedIn: <a href="http://ke.linkedin.com/in/alihkassim" target="_blank">http://ke.linkedin.com/in/alihkassim</a></span><a href="http://ke.linkedin.com/in/alihkassim" target="_blank"><span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none"></span></a></span></font></p><p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><font size="2"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><br></span></font></p><p style="font-size:small;margin:0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:georgia;color:black"><br></span></p><font size="2"><span style="font-family:georgia,serif"><span><br><font size="1">Any information of a personal nature expressed in this email are purely mine and do not necessarily reflect the official positions of the organizations that I work with.</font></span></span></font><span style="font-family:"Baskerville Old Face",serif;font-size:11pt"></span><span style="font-size:11pt"></span>
<span style="font-family:"Baskerville Old Face",serif"></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><br></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Oct 8, 2021 at 1:25 PM Mwendwa Kivuva via KICTANet <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto">Interesting angle Washington. It is indeed a chicken and egg situation.<div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">As a network engineer, you know the implication of the international transit data on the cost of running an ISP. Profitability of an ISP is based on the assumption that on average, the users will not consume more than fair quota, and if they do, other users using limited services but paying the same amount per package will compensate and balance out the cost, leaving some margin for profitability. If streaming services squeeze out this advantage from ISPs, which is very easy because you just leave the service running, and it consumes all bandwidth, what recourse does ISPs have? Increase the cost to consumers? Share the burden with commercial content providers? Degrade service offered by content providers? Where should the balance be?</div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, 8 Oct 2021, 12:51 Odhiambo Washington via KICTANet, <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><br></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Oct 8, 2021 at 12:38 PM Mwendwa Kivuva via KICTANet <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto">In the United States, Netflix has been paying a fee to broadband provider Comcast Corp for faster streaming speeds. <div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">South Korea's ISP SK Broadband has sued Netflix to pay for costs from increased network traffic and maintenance work because of a surge of viewers to the U.S. firm's content.<div dir="auto">Seoul court said Netflix should "reasonably" give something in return to the internet service provider for network usage, and multiple South Korean lawmakers have spoken out against content providers who do not pay for network usage despite generating explosive traffic.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">other content providers such as Amazon, Apple and Facebook are paying SK Broadband for usage of the network.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Should content providers compensate network providers for increased traffic to their network? Is this a net neutrality issue where all content should be treated equally?se or personalize, respect privacy, do not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.</div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>How is my usage of my services I am paying my ISP for being interpreted as "usage by my content provider"?</div><div>Is this the chicken-and-egg situation I have been hearing about?</div><div>I am already paying my ISP. If I didn't, they'd not even see the traffic to Netflix, YT, etc.</div><div><br></div><div>Content providers compensating network providers for increased traffic to their network seems like stealing for me. The content providers are not using the ISP network. It's the client who pays for the link who does. Do ISPs want to give FREE connections to me so that I can use Netflix, YT, HBOMax and have these content providers pay them for my own traffic?</div><div> </div><div> </div></div><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div>Best regards,<br>Odhiambo WASHINGTON,<br>Nairobi,KE<br>+254 7 3200 0004/+254 7 2274 3223<br>"<span style="font-size:12.8px">Oh, the cruft.</span><span style="font-size:12.8px">", </span><span style="font-size:12.8px">egrep -v '^$|^.*#' :-)</span></div></div></div></div></div></div>
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</blockquote></div><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div>Best regards,<br>Odhiambo WASHINGTON,<br>Nairobi,KE<br>+254 7 3200 0004/+254 7 2274 3223<br>"<span style="font-size:12.8px">Oh, the cruft.</span><span style="font-size:12.8px">", </span><span style="font-size:12.8px">egrep -v '^$|^.*#' :-)</span></div></div></div></div></div>
</blockquote></div><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><i><span style="color:rgb(51,204,204)"><a href="mailto:kathymwai@gmail.com" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Dream and Your Dreams Will Fall Short</a>...</span></i><div><i><span style="color:rgb(51,204,204)"><br></span></i></div></div></div>
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KICTANet is a multi-stakeholder Think Tank for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and regulation. KICTANet is a catalyst for reform in the Information and Communication Technology sector. Its work is guided by four pillars of Policy Advocacy, Capacity Building, Research, and Stakeholder Engagement.<br>
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KICTANet - The Power of Communities, is Kenya's premier ICT policy engagement platform.<br>
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