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--></style></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink="#954F72" style='word-wrap:break-word'><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal>The telcos will not win this war. The content providers have been building their own networks since the telcos are still looking to old regulation that does not reflect the current market.</p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><a href="https://www.afpif.org/virtual-peering-series-africa/death-of-transit-the-evolving-role-of-ixps/">https://www.afpif.org/virtual-peering-series-africa/death-of-transit-the-evolving-role-of-ixps/</a> discussed this issue at length<o:p></o:p></p><div><div><ul type=disc><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'>more traffic is coming from AS belonging to content providers<o:p></o:p></li></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'>competitive forces<o:p></o:p></li></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo1'>Content providers have now bypassed the big boys network curtails<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><ul type=square><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level3 lfo1'>advertising<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><ul type=square><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level3 lfo1'>building their own network backbones <o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><ul type=square><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level3 lfo1'>privatised internet traffic - moving away from transit networks<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo1'>customer has become bigger than the provider<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><ul type=square><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level3 lfo1'>content providers vs Tier1 Network providers<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><ul type=square><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level3 lfo1'>traditional telcos did not evolve and are now dying out<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><ul type=square><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level3 lfo1'>The market<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><ul type=square><ul type=disc><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level4 lfo1'>Content providers<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><ul type=square><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level5 lfo1'>CSP<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></ul></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><ul type=square><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level5 lfo1'>CDNs<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></ul></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><ul type=square><ul type=disc><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level4 lfo1'>Backbone providers<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><ul type=square><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level5 lfo1'>Tier 1<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></ul></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><ul type=square><ul type=disc><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level4 lfo1'>IXPs<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><ul type=square><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level5 lfo1'>pni vs public peering<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></ul></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><ul type=square><ul type=disc><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level4 lfo1'>ISPs<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></ul></ul></div><div><ul type=disc><ul type=circle><ul type=square><ul type=disc><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level4 lfo1'>3 mobile providers per country<o:p></o:p></li></ul></ul></ul></ul></div></div><p class=MsoNormal>Regards<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Sent from <a href="https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=550986">Mail</a> for Windows</p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div style='mso-element:para-border-div;border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal style='border:none;padding:0in'><b>From: </b><a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">Mwendwa Kivuva via KICTANet</a><br><b>Sent: </b>Friday, October 8, 2021 12:42 PM<br><b>To: </b><a href="mailto:awatila@gmail.com">Alex Watila</a><br><b>Cc: </b><a href="mailto:Kivuva@transworldafrica.com">Mwendwa Kivuva</a><br><b>Subject: </b>[kictanet] Should streaming services pay ISPs for increased traffic?</p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>In the United States, Netflix has been paying a fee to broadband provider Comcast Corp for faster streaming speeds. </p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>South Korea's ISP SK Broadband has sued Netflix to pay for costs from increased network traffic and maintenance work because of a surge of viewers to the U.S. firm's content.</p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Seoul court said Netflix should "reasonably" give something in return to the internet service provider for network usage, and multiple South Korean lawmakers have spoken out against content providers who do not pay for network usage despite generating explosive traffic.</p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>other content providers such as Amazon, Apple and Facebook are paying SK Broadband for usage of the network.</p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Should content providers compensate network providers for increased traffic to their network? Is this a net neutrality issue where all content should be treated equally?</p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><a href="https://lnkd.in/dNjbFVeC">https://lnkd.in/dNjbFVeC</a></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></body></html>