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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Hi Kathy<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Yes I agree there needs to be a better communications effort. I believe the CA has this remit, though the operators also undertake engagement, especially
at sites, as part of the regulatory approvals, but more can be done.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Regards<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Adam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Kathy Mwai [mailto:kathymwai@gmail.com]
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, July 15, 2020 4:39 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions <kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Adam Lane <adam.lane@huawei.com><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [kictanet] Something that We Cannot See Is Holding 5G Back in Africa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">You do make a case for 5G in Africa, and Kenya specifically. It was only yesterday however that Britain decided to strip Huawei out of its 5G network implementation. While I am not indicating this is the trend that Kenya
should follow, the point I want to make is that I do not think we are going to accept 5G infrastructure in our residential areas particularly without questioning it. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Yes, they may just be conspiracy theories about the radiation dangers of 5G, but if I could use my neighbourhood as an example, the residents here have decided to contend with poor network connection than have the telecommunications
company install a mast. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">It is not an easy decision because the emerging technologies do require 5G strength to work optimally. I wonder if there are groups working to educate people on how to mitigate the radiation effects of 5G. There are some
I know online and it would help everyone to get themselves educated on it so that when the inevitable time of 5G rollout comes, then you can protect yourself - to an extent!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Kathy<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">On Wed, 15 Jul 2020 at 15:47, Adam Lane via kictanet <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://blog.huawei.com/2020/07/14/something-that-we-cannot-see-is-holding-5g-back-in-africa/" target="_blank">https://blog.huawei.com/2020/07/14/something-that-we-cannot-see-is-holding-5g-back-in-africa/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">Something that We Cannot See Is Holding 5G Back in Africa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">There is an intangible resource that most people do not know exists and cannot be seen or touched. That resource is holding Africa back from rolling out high-speed 5G mobile services. If we don’t solve managing this resource better, then
we won’t get 5G in Africa and we’ll be left behind.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">Spectrum is of critical importance in Africa. Not necessarily because Africans need high-speed mobile phone services, nor because they are likely to have tens of thousands packed into stadiums or highly dense areas (especially this year).
And it’s not because self-driving cars will be populating the continent’s roads any time soon.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">It is of critical importance because so few homes and businesses have fiber in Africa.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">However, through Fixed Wireless Access (FWA/WTTx) solutions, 5G can provide fiber-like services without requiring the expense or time needed to install fiber. Upgrading existing base stations and deploying a CPE (Customer Premises Equipment)
like a mobile router or dongle inside or outside an office or home instantly yields the fiber-like speeds that are critical for e-commerce and online learning. And now more than ever, it is clear how important both are.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">Spectrum 101<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">Most people may think of spectrum as a range of colors in a rainbow, or a range on which political opinions belong.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">But it also refers to the range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation. Even though these are generally invisible to the human eye, spectrum matters for communications, whether it is radio, Wi-Fi, mobile phones, or satellite broadcasts
— all use electromagnetic waves to travel and reach a user.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">The Role of Governments<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">The use of these intangible wavelengths are regulated by governments to prevent multiple users using the same frequencies of spectrum, as this would cause interference and nothing would reach the user. At a global level, the UN oversees
a process for all countries to agree on the kind of users for different frequencies (such as for Wi-Fi, mobile phones, or meteorological use). At the national level, the government decides which specific organisations or companies can use that spectrum.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">National governments often charge a fee to commercial companies for using this — one purpose is to recoup the costs for managing, monitoring, and enforcing the regulation of spectrum. Another is to generate revenue for the government.
And a third (and arguably the most important) is to weed out those who may not be serious about using the spectrum. In other words, they want companies that have the resources to invest in the infrastructure to use it. So the thinking goes that if serious
players can afford the spectrum, they can also afford to pay for the infrastructure.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">Regulators want to support existing actors with solid track records to deliver infrastructure, but they don’t want to restrict new entrants to the market or innovation. So, they face striking a balance — to allow new companies to come
in even if they do not have much in the way of resources yet, but are serious and could still make good use of the infrastructure in the future. There is also pressure from the treasury to generate as much money as possible. This may come from the richest
companies, but could in turn affect these companies’ finances, so they cannot subsequently invest in building networks.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">For high-speeds, it is necessary to have large amounts of spectrum in a big block. But right now, few companies in Africa have that, which means no company can provide it. Lots of companies each have small amounts of spectrum, so none
can provide a high-speed network to lots of people. It is critical that this changes — and urgently. Companies, whether big or small, existing or new, must be given access to that spectrum. And there must be enough to go around, providing it is only given
to companies that are really serious about using it and are seriously able to make the necessary investments.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">During COVID-19, South Africa has temporarily made spectrum available to its operators. This has resulted in two new operators launching 5G (one launched last year with the spectrum it already had). With the affordability of Internet data
creating such a critical challenge in Africa, the prices local operators are charging for 5G are telling:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"> - Comparing 5G with 4G, one operator will give you 10 times more data for only 4 times the price, or 40 times more data for only 6 times the price.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"> -.Another provides unlimited data and charges by speed instead, just like a traditional fiber service, even though they are using mobile.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">Countries like Nigeria, Ghana and Kenya have strong technology sectors, innovative local companies, a significant presence from international companies, and a strong focus on creating jobs involving technology. They need to move faster
with 5G to ensure future development.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US">Future businesses in the technology industry and the profits, social impact, and jobs that come with that, rely on having high-speed Internet for consumers through FWA. Millions of Africans could use that connectivity to get trained online,
get jobs online, earn money online, and create tech businesses. And now is the time to make that happen. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p><span lang="EN-US">--------------------------------------------------<br>
M: +254-790985886<br>
Deputy CEO, Government Affairs<br>
Huawei Kenya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><br clear="all">
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">-- <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#33CCCC"><a href="mailto:kathymwai@gmail.com" target="_blank">Dream and Your Dreams Will Fall Short</a>...</span></i><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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