<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">@
Peter Mbatha, maybe the focus is on media because media has been our
primary source of news for ages. In previous discussions, media was
identified as a key player in combating fake news because they can
provide reliable news. <br></div>However,
there are many other avenues for solving the problem including user
education (was discussed on day one) and platform responsibility (day
2). If other resolutions are being missed out, please point them out.<br><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">On to your questions, the actors in my view are the political and many who talk of propaganda as the ancestor of fake news seem to agree. The purpose of fake news in our case seems to be polarisation of society and I think that NCIC as the body charged with promoting cohesion of our nation could play a role in combating it. The "when" would be that there was a rise during the electioneering season in the same magnitude as Brexit in UK and US 2016 elections. Where is of course on the Internet/social media and even traditional media like radios etc. <br><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Regards, <br></div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">2017-08-18 7:59 GMT+03:00 Peter Mbatha via kictanet <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>></span>:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="auto">Good morning listers, <div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Been thinking about the discussion we have been doing for the last few days and hadn't given my opinion yet. </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Yes! Come to think of it and tell whether we will ever get to the bottom of this issue labeled 'FAKE NEWS<span style="font-family:georgia,serif">' after these long listed debates. We have had a good time to critically share on the issue but it ain't going to be resolved as soon as you may think. </span></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Besides the different opinions on the issues raised by 'MERCY MUTEMI', we need to start by seeing the actors and actuators and of such alleged malpractices. </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"> 1. Who? </div><div dir="auto"> 2. Why? </div><div dir="auto"> 3. When? </div><div dir="auto"> 4. Where? </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">This is because we already have the 'what? = fake news '.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">The scenario won't be at all acomodative for the discussion because we have a BIG bias in what we are discussing already. We have within our capacity started accusing the agents(singked out media) who are actuators of the 'what' in the above diacussion. This has labbel us as initiators of a good will which doesn't have a foundation and you exactly know what will happen; at the end of the day no outcome will be worth the time spent here. </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Once we are done, with the above(we need to stop labelling media only in this) then the below</div><span class=""><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><b style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:14px"><span style="color:rgb(255,0,0)">(a) What is the effect of Fake News to the mainstream media?</span></b><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:14px" dir="auto"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,255)"><b>(b) </b></span><b><span style="color:rgb(0,0,255)">What is the role of the Kenyan media in combating Fake News?</span></b><b><span style="color:rgb(255,0,255)"><span style="color:rgb(166,77,121)"><span style="color:rgb(255,0,255)"><br></span></span></span></b></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:14px" dir="auto"><span style="color:rgb(255,0,255)"><b>(c) </b></span><b><span style="color:rgb(255,0,255)">Is the Kenyan media doing enough?</span></b><b><span style="color:rgb(56,118,29)"><br></span></b></div><span style="font-family:georgia,serif;font-size:14px;color:rgb(56,118,29)"><b>(d) </b><b>What should platforms such as Facebook and Google be doing to reduce the effect of Fake News? Is there a need for localised solutions?</b></span><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div></span><div dir="auto">These raised questions will get answers that will lead to a conclusion and summary that will address the issue totally.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Thank-you all. </div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div><div class="h5">On Aug 18, 2017 07:00, "Du Toit, Jaco via kictanet" <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><wbr>> wrote:<br type="attribution"></div></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div><div class="h5">
<div link="blue" vlink="purple" lang="EN-US">
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">Dear colleagues,<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">Yes journalists have a role but also editors and media houses. Regards. Jaco<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><b><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d" lang="FR">Jaco du Toit
</span></b><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d" lang="FR"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d" lang="FR">Adviser for Communication & Information<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">UNESCO Regional Office for Eastern Africa
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:right" align="right"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">United Nations</span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:right" align="right"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">Educational, Scientific and<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:right" align="right"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">Cultural Organization<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:right" align="right"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">United Nations Avenue, UNON, Gigiri (Room 209)
</span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">P.O. Box 30592-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">Tel.: +254 (0)20 762 2346/2566
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d">Mobile: +254 (0) 728 610 912<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><a href="http://www.unesco.org/new/en/nairobi" target="_blank">http://www.unesco.org/new/en/n<wbr>airobi</a><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> kictanet [mailto:<a href="mailto:kictanet-bounces%2Bj.dutoit" target="_blank">kictanet-bounces+j.dut<wbr>oit</a>=<a href="mailto:unesco.org@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">unesco.org@lists.kictanet.<wbr>or.ke</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Churchill Otieno via kictanet<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, August 17, 2017 9:58 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Du Toit, Jaco <<a href="mailto:j.dutoit@unesco.org" target="_blank">j.dutoit@unesco.org</a>><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Churchill Otieno <<a href="mailto:cotieno@gmail.com" target="_blank">cotieno@gmail.com</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [kictanet] Day 2 on Fake News: Platform Responsibility<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">What can journalists/media do? It might be helpful to note that the International Centre for Journalists (ICJF) is leading a global search to find clever things newsrooms around the world are doing, that may give truth the energy needed
to compete or outpace fake news. What's emerging is that fake news feeds off emotions that it's recipients have already invested in, hence it has an almost opiumish pull. I'm part of this endeavor and we are also seeing quite some committed journalists, some
in solo efforts, going hard to defend truth. Though it's still early days, expect some announcements in the coming weeks<u></u><u></u></p>
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On 17 Aug 2017, at 17:17, kanini mutemi via kictanet <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><wbr>> wrote:<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif">One of the proposals made yesterday was that platforms should pull down Fake News posts. Is this a desirable approach?<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Thu, Aug 17, 2017 at 5:01 PM, Eric Mugendi via kictanet <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><wbr>> wrote:<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Here's my two cents on this from a fact checker's perspective:<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:red">(a) What is the effect of Fake News to the mainstream media?</span></b><b><span style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif"><br>
</span></b>Fake news tends to distract audiences and divert their attention away from the truth. It often mimics real news and taps into our biases and prejudices. If you see a fake story that says something you have long suspected to be true, even if the evidence
appears dodgy, you are more willing to share it than another story that says the opposite of what you believe. As a resuly<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:blue">(b) What is the role of the Kenyan media in combating Fake News?</span></b><b><span style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:fuchsia"><br>
</span></b><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Kenyan media has the double role of debunking fake stories and propagating the truth. It is not enough to just point at a story and say that it is false, the burden is then on the media to point out the
truth. They can do this by actively fact-checking the stories that are in the public domain, rather than just the stories they publish. Given the amount of trust that Kenyans have in mainstream media, one critical service that the media can do is to check
what they write to make sure it is legitimate. They can also give members of the public an avenue to quickly check whether the stories they see on social media or receive via messaging apps are true before they share.</span><span style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><br>
</span><b><span style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:fuchsia">(c) Is the Kenyan media doing enough?</span></b><u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">I don't think so. A lot of times the fake stories that do get around tend to colour the narrative, so to speak, so in the end, you have a distracted media unwilling
to invest resources into holding the things politicians and other public figures say, or what is published on social media for instance. Fact-checking is a continuous process, and it is essential in order to ensure that everyone is held accountable for what
they say. So far, the media </span><span style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#38761d">(d) What should platforms such as Facebook and Google be doing to reduce the effect of Fake News? Is there a need for localised solutions?</span></b><u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Facebook and Google are inherently neutral in this, in my opinion. This does not absolve them from the fact that their platforms are used to distribute fake news and other questionable stories. They have initiated methods to check verification,
with Google adding a 'This story has been verified' tag on search results, and Facebook adding a banner on their site with information on how to verify if a story is legit, but these initiatives have a limited reach, given the fact that much of our news content
falls outside their radar. <u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">As a result, we definitely need localized solutions. There are some like Nation's Newsplex that have taken on the task, along with the fact-checking segment on the Sunday news on NTV. However, seeing as these initiatives are part of the
media establishment, they are unlikely to be critical of their own coverage. Truly independent initiatives such as
<a href="http://pesacheck.org" target="_blank">PesaCheck</a> which I work on, and AfricaCheck, are able to navigate the space in a truly neutral way, and we are gaining some attention from the public. There is a need for more local initiatives because there
are significant gaps in coverage, meaning that we can only do so much with the claims that we check.<u></u><u></u></p>
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<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#333333">Eric Mugendi<u></u><u></u></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#2b82ad"><a href="http://about.me/mugendi" target="_blank">about.me/mugendi</a><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On 17 August 2017 at 16:22, anyega jefferson via kictanet <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><wbr>> wrote:<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">I believe platforms must be held accountable. If a legal entity trades in information, then it should have a responsibility to protect its consumers. <u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">However, this may require a rethink of their role as non-publishers. <u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">If, Mark Zuckerberg runs for POTUS, as it remotely seems, he will have to contend with accusations of punishing alternative views and infringing on free speech.<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Aug 17, 2017 14:11, "kanini mutemi via kictanet" <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><wbr>> wrote:<u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif">Good morning Listers.
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif">It's another great day to talk about Fake News! Day 1 we focused on the prevalence of Fake News and the role of different stakeholders in combating it. Now we move to
<b>Platform Responsibility. </b><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif">For those who are just joining us, KICTANet is carrying out a three day online engagement with the National Cohesion and Integration Commission (NCIC) on how to deal
with Fake News. Feel free to share your proposals on possible interventions.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif">Here are some questions to guide our discussion today:<br>
<br>
<b><span style="color:red">(a) What is the effect of Fake News to the mainstream media?</span></b><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><b><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:blue">(b) What is the role of the Kenyan media in combating Fake News?</span></b><b><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:fuchsia"><br>
<br>
</span></b><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><b><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:fuchsia">(c) Is the Kenyan media doing enough?<br>
<br>
</span></b><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif;color:#38761d">(d) What should platforms such as Facebook and Google be doing to reduce the effect of Fake News? Is there a need for localised solutions?</span></b><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif"><br>
Fire away. <u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">-- <u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif">Mercy Mutemi</span></b><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif">.
</span><u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
</div>
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KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and bandwidth, share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect privacy, do not spam, do not market your wares or
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<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
<br clear="all">
<br>
-- <u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif">Mercy Mutemi, Advocate</span></b><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif">.
</span><u></u><u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
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The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in the ICT sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and development.<br>
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<br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div>Grace Mutung'u <br>Skype: gracebomu<br>@Bomu<br><span style="font-size:12.8px">PGP ID : 0x33A3450F</span><br></div><div><br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
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