<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail-gE gmail-iv gmail-gt" style="font-size:12.8px"><table cellpadding="0" class="gmail-cf gmail-gJ"><tbody><tr class="gmail-acZ"><td class="gmail-gF gmail-gK" style="width:1045.64px"><table cellpadding="0" class="gmail-cf gmail-ix" style="width:1046.36px"><tbody><tr><td><h3 class="gmail-iw"><span name="Mose Karanja via kictanet" class="gmail-gD" style="font-size:12.8px;font-weight:normal">Poncelet</span></h3><div><span name="Mose Karanja via kictanet" class="gmail-gD" style="font-size:12.8px;font-weight:normal">Below a study that was shared earlier on this group by Moses Karanja:</span></div><h3 class="gmail-iw"><span name="Mose Karanja via kictanet" class="gmail-gD" style="font-size:12.8px">Mose Karanja via kictanet</span> <span class="gmail-go"><span><</span><a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><span>></span></span></h3></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td class="gmail-gH"><div class="gmail-gK"><span id="gmail-:be" class="gmail-g3" title="27 October 2016 at 21:13" alt="27 October 2016 at 21:13">27 Oct</span><div class="gmail-zd gmail-bi4" tabindex="0" style="outline:0px"><span class="gmail-T-KT"><img class="gmail-f gmail-T-KT-JX" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/images/cleardot.gif" alt=""></span></div></div></td><td class="gmail-gH"></td><td class="gmail-gH gmail-acX" rowspan="2"><div class="gmail-T-I gmail-J-J5-Ji gmail-T-I-Js-IF gmail-aaq gmail-T-I-ax7 gmail-L3" tabindex="0" style="user-select: none;"><img class="gmail-hB gmail-T-I-J3" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/images/cleardot.gif" alt="" style="background-image: url("https://ssl.gstatic.com/mail/sprites/general-76906fbc82f79822625038e272fa3893.png"); background-position-y: -438px; background-size: initial;"></div><div id="gmail-:bp" class="gmail-T-I gmail-J-J5-Ji gmail-T-I-Js-Gs gmail-aap gmail-T-I-awG gmail-T-I-ax7 gmail-L3" tabindex="0" style="user-select: none;"><img class="gmail-hA gmail-T-I-J3" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/images/cleardot.gif" alt="" style="background-image: url("https://ssl.gstatic.com/mail/sprites/general-76906fbc82f79822625038e272fa3893.png"); background-position-y: -564px; background-size: initial;"></div></td></tr><tr class="gmail-acZ gmail-xD"><td colspan="3"><table cellpadding="0" class="gmail-cf gmail-adz" style="width:1120px"><tbody><tr><td class="gmail-ady"><div class="gmail-iw gmail-ajw"><span class="gmail-hb">to <span dir="ltr" name="michaelmurungi" class="gmail-g2">michaelmurungi</span>, <span dir="ltr" name="Mose" class="gmail-g2">Mose</span></span></div><div class="gmail-ajy"><img class="gmail-ajz" id="gmail-:bo" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/images/cleardot.gif" alt="" style="background-image: url("?ui=2&view=dim&iv=amo1tqfqsw2s&it=ic");"></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="gmail-qQVYZb" style="font-size:16px"></div><div class="gmail-utdU2e" style="font-size:16px"></div><div class="gmail-tx78Ic" style="font-size:16px"></div><div class="gmail-aHl" style="font-size:16px"></div><div id="gmail-:bn" tabindex="-1" style="font-size:16px"></div><div id="gmail-:bc" class="gmail-ii gmail-gt gmail-adP gmail-adO" style="font-size:12.8px"><div id="gmail-:bb" class="gmail-a3s gmail-aXjCH gmail-m1580759d9f3950f9"><div style="word-wrap:break-word"><span style="font-weight:700">How much does it cost a country when its connection to the Internet is shut down? Turns out it is quite a lot. </span><div><br></div><div>As the frequency of Internet shutdowns keep rising globally and in Africa particularly, several attempts have been made to quantify what this means economically. </div><div><br></div><div>Two key reports by Brookings Institute & Deloitte/Facebook released under the Global Network Initiative (GNI) have proposed methodologies that attempt to answer this question. </div><div><br></div><div>They both base their calculations on the contributions of the ICT sector to the Gross Domestic Product and using variables of duration of shutdown, population affected, and Internet connectivity, model formulas to get a rough estimate of how much a country loses in the these instances. </div><div><br></div><div>Deloitte’s calculations are more nuanced on differentiated levels of connectivity and estimates that an average high-connectivity country stands to lose at least 1.9% of its daily GDP for each day all Internet services are shut down. For an average medium-level connectivity country, the loss is estimated at 1% of daily GDP, and for an average low-connectivity country, the loss is estimated at 0.4% of daily GDP. </div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><span style="font-weight:700">Beyond the dollars?</span></div><div>Internet shutdowns directly affect people who use its communication channels and on top of suffering economical losses and inconvenience, there is the massive impact on basic life experiences. Security, health, education, participation in the global economy and all these converge as human rights violations. </div><div><br></div><div>These kind of reports are valuable tools for advocacy especially because governments (the main actors on Internet shutdowns) understand money language more than human rights. It is just a fact of life. </div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>Brooking’s Report is here: <a href="https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/intenet-shutdowns-v-3.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.brookings.<wbr>edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/<wbr>10/intenet-shutdowns-v-3.pdf</a> </div><div><br></div><div>and Deloitte/Facebook report is here: <a href="http://globalnetworkinitiative.org/sites/default/files/The-Economic-Impact-of-Disruptions-to-Internet-Connectivity-Deloitte.pdf" target="_blank">http://<wbr>globalnetworkinitiative.org/<wbr>sites/default/files/The-<wbr>Economic-Impact-of-<wbr>Disruptions-to-Internet-<wbr>Connectivity-Deloitte.pdf</a></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);word-wrap:break-word"><div>--</div><div>Moses. </div><div><br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br clear="all"><div><div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div>Kindest regards,</div><div>Michael M. Murungi<br></div><br></div></div></div>
<br><div class="gmail_quote">On 3 December 2016 at 15:20, Poncelet Ileleji via kictanet <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div><div><div><div><div>Hi Grace,<br><br></div>It was 52 Hours complete shutdown starting 8"08pm on election eve on the 30th of Nov and it was officially announced on TV that it was going to be down no secret about it,International Lines cut off too later local SMS weas also cut off, we came back online 12:30pm yesterday coincidentally after the incumbent had conceded defeat to the Coalition flag bearer ending 22 years of his rule.<br><br></div>We need to promote more and more the African Declaration of Internet rights so our leaders know it matters in the true sense of the word the economic loss alone, we cant quantify, the joy here in the Gambia its basically the digital natives those born after the outgoing leader came to power 1994 that basically voted him out, <br><br></div>Well enjoy the weekend, have loads to say, but will talk later on this.<br><br></div>Kind Regards<br><br></div>Poncelet<br></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div><div class="h5">On 2 December 2016 at 01:06, Grace Mutung'u via kictanet <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><wbr>></span> wrote:<br></div></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div><div class="h5"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Listers, </div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Internet shutdowns are almost becoming a part of African elections and reports indicate that Gambia has taken this step ahead of elections tomorrow. With an added twist- calls also seem to be blocked. </div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">A few months ago we discussed the Ugandan shutdown where we went at length into the techniques employed, including electricity blackouts. With our own elections round the corner, a few questions: </div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"> </div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Is anyone concerned that Kenya may also have a shutdown come elections? </div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">In the (hopefully hypothetical) case that we had a shutdown, who would effect it? ISPs? MNOs? Kenya Power? </div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">And who would give the orders? The Government? The Regulator? </div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Hoping that these are just hypothetical musings. </div><span class="m_-2613584484393570140HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:verdana,sans-serif">Grace</div><div><br></div>-- <br><div class="m_-2613584484393570140m_4907535861258341760gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div>Grace L.N. Mutung'u <br>Nairobi Kenya<br>Skype: gracebomu<br>Twitter: @Bomu<br><br><<a href="http://www.diplointernetgovernance.org/profile/GraceMutungu" target="_blank">http://www.diplointernetgover<wbr>nance.org/profile/GraceMutungu</a><wbr>></div><div><br></div><div>PGP ID : 0x33A3450F<br><br></div></div></div>
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The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in the ICT sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and development.<br>
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KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and bandwidth, share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect privacy, do not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.<br></span></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br><div class="m_-2613584484393570140gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div>Poncelet O. Ileleji MBCS<br>Coordinator<br>The Gambia YMCAs Computer Training Centre & Digital Studio<br>MDI Road Kanifing South<br>P. O. Box 421 Banjul<br>The Gambia, West Africa<br>Tel: (220) 4370240<br>Fax:(220) 4390793<br>Cell:(220) 9912508<br>Skype: pons_utd<br><i><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><a href="http://www.ymca.gm" target="_blank">www.ymca.gm</a><br><a href="http://jokkolabs.net/en/" target="_blank">http://jokkolabs.net/en/</a><br><a href="http://www.waigf.org" target="_blank">www.waigf.org</a><br><a href="http://www.itag.gm" target="_blank">www,insistglobal.com</a><br><a href="http://www.npoc.org" target="_blank">www.npoc.org</a><br><a href="http://www.wsa-mobile.org/node/753" target="_blank">http://www.wsa-mobile.org/<wbr>node/753</a><br></span></i><cite><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><a href="http://www.diplointernetgovernance.org" target="_blank">www.diplointernetgovernance.<wbr>org</a><br><br></span><b><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><br></span></b><br></cite><br></div></div></div></div></div>
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