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Interesting opinion by Steve Song (South African), <br>
<br>
Susan and Ginger (who are part of the UN MAG) and I invited him,
Kevin Martin from FB, Jochai from Mozilla among other leading policy
people and researchers to the 2015 UN IGF main session on Zero
rating last year in November. (FYI- Find the report of the session
here:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.intgovforum.org/cms/documents/igf-meeting/igf-2015-joao-pessoa/igf2015-reports/583-igf2015a-dialogue-on-zerorating-and-network-neutrality/file">https://www.intgovforum.org/cms/documents/igf-meeting/igf-2015-joao-pessoa/igf2015-reports/583-igf2015a-dialogue-on-zerorating-and-network-neutrality/file</a>)<br>
<br>
Steve Song's February 9th Post:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://manypossibilities.net/2016/02/resolving-the-free-basics-paradox/">http://manypossibilities.net/2016/02/resolving-the-free-basics-paradox/</a><br>
<br>
<p>Today the Indian communication regulator <a
href="http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/internet/trai-rules-in-favour-of-net-neutrality/article8209455.ece">announced</a>
that it would forbid the provision of differential pricing for
data services on the basis of content. This decision effectively
bans Facebook’s <a href="https://0.freebasics.com/desktop">Free
Basics</a> initiative which offers access to Facebook and a
suite of other content providers for free. The issue of Net
Neutrality, Zero Rating, and Free Basics in India has risen to
prominence in the last year with a hugely popular grass-roots
campaign to encourage the regulator to block such initiatives.
Facebook responded by adapting many aspects of their offering to
accommodate public push-back, including renaming Internet.org to
Free Basics, opening the platform to more content providers, and
ensuring the program was open to all network operators. But for
many all that amounted to was putting lipstick on a pig. The
stakes of the debate grew higher as Facebook embarked on an
expensive advertising campaign in support of Free Basics.
Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg made the issue personal by making a
<a
href="http://blogs.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/toi-edit-page/free-basics-protects-net-neutrality/">public
appeal</a> to Indians, asking “Who could possibly be against
this?” The answer to that became clear today.</p>
<p>Today’s decision is a victory for those opposed to “walled
gardens” but it is something of a paradox that the Internet itself
has become a “walled garden” between those who have affordable
access and those who don’t. If we are passionate about creating a
level playing field on the Internet then we must be passionate
about making the Internet affordable and accessible to all. Among
the many news articles lauding the decision taken by the Indian
regulator, none were written by anyone without access. The
disconnected are excluded from the discussion.</p>
<p>It is an uncomfortable truth that, in emerging economies,
Facebook had already won the Internet well before Internet.org
and the FreeBasics campaign began. Facebook became the de facto
Internet for many people because it did the most profoundly useful
thing the Internet can do, connect people. Connecting people to
each other in meaningful ways is the secret sauce of the Internet
and, for the last few years, Facebook has been best of breed at
doing that. The <a
href="http://www.itnewsafrica.com/2016/02/nigeria-16-million-visit-facebook-on-mobile-monthly/">16
million people</a> who connected to Facebook in Nigeria this
month alone are evidence of this. From family connections to
political movements, Facebook has proven itself to be an extremely
powerful platform for people to share knowledge, act collectively,
air their frustrations, you name it. Mark Zuckerberg has a real
point when he asks who could possibly be against offering this for
free.</p>
<p>And yet, this is not ok.</p>
<p>At the micro level, Facebook delivers exactly what people want,
connection and community. At the macro level where Facebook’s
algorithms decide which articles and which ads to display to
users, things are more complicated. Having a private company that
connects over a billion people making decisions about how and when
to display information to users is clearly problematic and we
currently have no idea how to deal with it. And of course not
just Facebook but every Internet company that has gone to scale
from Google to Uber to Spotify and many others. One of the few
antidotes to this problem is consumer choice, the ability to
select a different platform if only to be able to see compare
algorithms across platforms. Without consumer choice we have no
idea whether the beautiful peaches growing in our garden are
genetically-modified or not because we have nothing to compare
them to.</p>
<p>Given the choice between GMO peaches and nothing at all, most
people would eat the peach. Indeed, it is morally questionable to
argue that those who can’t afford Internet access should forgo
free access to Facebook until affordable “neutral” access is
available to them. I believe the only way to resolve this problem
is to make the Internet generically free for <strong>all users</strong>
or at least low-bitrate access to the Internet. This is the
essence of what I advocate for in <a
href="http://manypossibilities.net/2015/11/zero-rating-a-modest-proposal/">A
Modest Proposal</a> in which I argue that connecting all phones
to the Internet by default would make good economic sense for
Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) thanks to the network effects they
would enjoy from having millions more data users on the network.</p>
<p>Pre-paid users on mobile phone networks have always enjoyed being
connected to the voice networks for free. MNOs don’t do this
out of the goodness of their hearts but because it generates
traffic, more people to call. Also, a significant percentage of
those users will keep an airtime balance which adds up to a lot of
money held by the MNO. A recent <a
href="http://forbes.com/sites/hbsworkingknowledge/2015/09/28/6-lessons-from-mobile-money-ventures-in-developing-countries/">Forbes
article</a> identifying lessons from mobile money ventures in
developing countries identifies the importance of offering the
service for free as one of six key lessons. It is hard to imagine
that a free, always-on basic Internet for mobile phones would not
lead to massive growth in data-rich services. Low-bitrate data
for everyone, why not?</p>
<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
Best Regards,
Ephraim Percy Kenyanito
Sub-Saharan Africa Policy Analyst
Access Now | accessnow.org
@ekenyanito
PGP: E6BA8DC1
Fingerprint: B0FA394AF73DEB7AA1FDC7360CFED26DE6BA8DC1</pre>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 02/08/2016 06:40 PM, Ephraim Percy
Kenyanito wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote
cite="mid:CA+pBW0Eb7Q7OtYKmT1tnrW0mLh6tgAVHs3seO3b2P2X5yByjsA@mail.gmail.com"
type="cite">
<div dir="ltr">
<div class="gmail_default"
style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small">+1
to "There's nothing better than evidence based policy making.
. ."</div>
</div>
<div class="gmail_extra"><br clear="all">
<div>
<div class="gmail_signature">
<div dir="ltr">
<div>
<div dir="ltr">
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<div dir="ltr">
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<div dir="ltr">
<div>
<p><span
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);font-size:13pt">--</span></p>
</div>
Best Regards,
<p
style="margin-bottom:0.0001pt;line-height:normal"><b><span
style="font-size:10pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:rgb(136,136,136)">Ephraim
Percy Kenyanito</span></b><span
style="font-size:10pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:rgb(136,136,136)"></span></p>
<span
style="font-weight:normal"><span
style="font-size:10pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:rgb(136,136,136)">Sub-Saharan
Africa Policy
Analyst<br>
</span></span>
<div><span
style="font-weight:normal"><span
style="font-size:10pt"><font face="Arial, sans-serif" color="#888888">Access
Now | </font></span></span><a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://accessnow.org/"
style="color:rgb(17,85,204)"
target="_blank">accessnow.org</a><span
style="font-weight:normal"><span
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</span></span><span
style="font-weight:normal"><span
style="font-size:10pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:rgb(136,136,136)"><br>
@ekenyanito<br>
</span></span><span
style="font-weight:normal"><span
style="font-size:10pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:rgb(136,136,136)">PGP:
E6BA8DC1</span></span>
</div>
<div><span
style="font-weight:normal"><span
style="font-size:10pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:rgb(136,136,136)">Fingerprint:
B0FA394AF73DEB7AA1FDC7360CFED26DE6BA8DC1<br>
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<br>
<div class="gmail_quote">On 8 February 2016 at 17:40, Ali
Hussein via kictanet <span dir="ltr"><<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke"
target="_blank"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a></a>></span>
wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div dir="auto">
<div>True that Ebele!</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>And thanks for the great session today - even though
we didn't agree on a number of issues :-) </div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>I found that your engagement is a step in the right
direction and one that local companies can learn from.<span
class=""><br>
<br>
<div><span><b>Ali Hussein</b></span></div>
<div><span><b>Principal</b></span></div>
<div><b style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)">Hussein
& Associates</b></div>
<div style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:medium">+254
0713 601113 / 0770906375</div>
<div style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:medium"><br>
</div>
<div>
<p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><span
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)">Twitter:
@AliHKassim</span></p>
<span style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)"></span>
<p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><span
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)">Skype:
abu-jomo</span></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><span
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)">LinkedIn: <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://ke.linkedin.com/in/alihkassim"
target="_blank"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://ke.linkedin.com/in/alihkassim">http://ke.linkedin.com/in/alihkassim</a></a></span></p>
<font><br>
</font></div>
<div><span><br>
</span></div>
<div>"Discovery consists in seeing what everyone else
has seen and thinking what no one else has thought".
~ Albert Szent-Györgyi</div>
<div><span><br>
</span></div>
Sent from my iPad</span></div>
<div>
<div class="h5">
<div><br>
On 8 Feb 2016, at 5:21 PM, Ebele Okobi <<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:ebeleokobi@fb.com" target="_blank"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:ebeleokobi@fb.com">ebeleokobi@fb.com</a></a>>
wrote:<br>
<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div>
<div>I think this provides us with an excellent
opportunity to see if this decision has any
impact, positive or negative, on the cost of
data, on competition in the market, and the
number of people connected. There's nothing
better than evidence based policy making. . .<br>
<br>
<span
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);font-size:13pt">Ebele
Okobi </span><span
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);font-size:13pt">|
Head of Public Policy, Africa</span><br>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm
0.0001pt"><span
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)">m. <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="tel:+44%20%280%29%20771%20156%201315"
target="_blank">+44 (0) 771 156 1315</a></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm
0.0001pt"><span
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm
0.0001pt"><font color="#000000"><span
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)"><a
moz-do-not-send="true">10 Brock
Street | London</a> | NW1 3FG</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm
0.0001pt"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:ebeleokobi@fb.com"
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)"
target="_blank"><font color="#000000">ebeleokobi@fb.com</font></a></p>
<div><span
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)"><br>
</span></div>
</div>
<span
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)"><img
moz-do-not-send="true"
alt="6F376569-CC77-422B-BAD3-794055B1E02B"
height="43"></span></div>
</div>
<div><br>
On Feb 8, 2016, at 4:40 PM, Ali Hussein via
kictanet <<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke"
target="_blank">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>>
wrote:<br>
<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div>
<div>Listers</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>This might be of interest to you.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>This is something that we all in Africa
can learn from.</div>
<div><br>
<div><span><b>Ali Hussein</b></span></div>
<div><span><b>Principal</b></span></div>
<div><b
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)">Hussein
& Associates</b></div>
<div
style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:medium">
+254 0713 601113 / 0770906375</div>
<div
style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:medium">
<br>
</div>
<div>
<p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><span
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)">Twitter:
@AliHKassim</span></p>
<span
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)"></span>
<p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><span
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)">Skype:
abu-jomo</span></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in 0pt"><span
style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)">LinkedIn: <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__ke.linkedin.com_in_alihkassim&d=CwMFaQ&c=5VD0RTtNlTh3ycd41b3MUw&r=ArvepG4_wcNu_X9xi3nb_Xa9WsGLVfmK6mwPdVONOTE&m=aKhWPFY8Jw1ki12xz7Yv3qhBFofAvQLLyGNrIcAvAlA&s=9Nb3o5Pt8DM6s6h9k3YYfOMQDgu-S4rwio7ba66OaZM&e="
target="_blank"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://ke.linkedin.com/in/alihkassim">http://ke.linkedin.com/in/alihkassim</a></a></span></p>
<font><br>
</font></div>
<div><span><br>
</span></div>
<div>"Discovery consists in seeing what
everyone else has seen and thinking what
no one else has thought". ~ Albert
Szent-Györgyi</div>
<div><span><br>
</span></div>
Sent from my iPad</div>
<div><br>
Begin forwarded message:<br>
<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div><b>From:</b> parminder <<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:parminder@itforchange.net"
target="_blank"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:parminder@itforchange.net">parminder@itforchange.net</a></a>><br>
<b>Date:</b> 8 February 2016 at 2:14:50 PM
EAT<br>
<b>To:</b> "<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:global-nn@lists.riseup.net"
target="_blank">global-nn@lists.riseup.net</a>"
<<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:global-nn@lists.riseup.net"
target="_blank">global-nn@lists.riseup.net</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> <b>[global-nn] Indian
regulator bans differential pricing,
including zero rating</b><br>
<b>Reply-To:</b> parminder <<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:parminder@itforchange.net"
target="_blank"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:parminder@itforchange.net">parminder@itforchange.net</a></a>><br>
<br>
</div>
</blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div><font face="Verdana"><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.trai.gov.in_WriteReadData_WhatsNew_Documents_Regulation-5FData-5FService.pdf&d=CwMFaQ&c=5VD0RTtNlTh3ycd41b3MUw&r=ArvepG4_wcNu_X9xi3nb_Xa9WsGLVfmK6mwPdVONOTE&m=aKhWPFY8Jw1ki12xz7Yv3qhBFofAvQLLyGNrIcAvAlA&s=Y-j2TxF0FxxmY9ZNyVg35fP7OvJg4pJIcrIJFyY3b5w&e="
target="_blank"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.trai.gov.in/WriteReadData/WhatsNew/Documents/Regulation_Data_Service.pdf">http://www.trai.gov.in/WriteReadData/WhatsNew/Documents/Regulation_Data_Service.pdf</a></a><br>
<br>
shorter press release is at </font><br>
<pre><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__trai.gov.in_WriteReadData_PressRealease_Document_Press-5FRelease-5FNo-5F13-2520.pdf&d=CwMFaQ&c=5VD0RTtNlTh3ycd41b3MUw&r=ArvepG4_wcNu_X9xi3nb_Xa9WsGLVfmK6mwPdVONOTE&m=aKhWPFY8Jw1ki12xz7Yv3qhBFofAvQLLyGNrIcAvAlA&s=oHP83NZqqGTqHjKEYsaFtQUTg4nRa7-GDXDSVC8naU0&e=" target="_blank">http://trai.gov.in/WriteReadData/PressRealease/Document/Press_Release_No_13%20.pdf</a></pre>
<font face="Verdana"><br>
Can be considered as a path breaking
regulatory move, which may set the trend
for developing countries...
<br>
<br>
parminder <br>
</font></div>
</blockquote>
</div>
</blockquote>
<blockquote type="cite">
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The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a
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