<html><body><div style="color:#000; background-color:#fff; font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif;font-size:16px"><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11115">Paul Korir and James Kulubi</span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr"><span><br></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11141">I stand educated on some of the provisions of the </span>Science Technology and Innovation Act of 2012. </div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr">I think this is debate worth engaging in to have some of the offending sections struck out. It is possible the "voices" needed to forestall the inclusion of the said sections weren't loud (or powerful) enough to be felt by the drafters of the Act.</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr">My 2 cents observation is that the lobbying potential of the Science, Technology and Innovation "sector" is very weak; unlike sectors like manufacturers (with KAM) and the larger private sector (with KEPSA) the myriad of organizations in the sector (e.g. in ICT) present a weak front to mount any meaningful lobby.</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr">But I also see the large number of universities as a blessing of some sorts; now suppose they work with the regulator CHE (if the law allows) they can be a formidable force to occasion change in the act.</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr">Research (basic or applied) and the entire science and technology sector are too important a cog in the wheels of development to be constrained by sections in the laws such as this. </div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr">My reading: we need to do more.</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr">Cheers!</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr">Matunda Nyanchama</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856"><span><br></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856"><span><br></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10856"><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">Message: 2</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11001">Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2015 06:20:00 +0000</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">From: James Kulubi <</span><a ymailto="mailto:jkulubi@yahoo.co.uk" href="mailto:jkulubi@yahoo.co.uk" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10225" style="color: rgb(25, 106, 212); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">jkulubi@yahoo.co.uk</a><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11002">></span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">To: Paul Korir <</span><a ymailto="mailto:polariseke@gmail.com" href="mailto:polariseke@gmail.com" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10226" style="color: rgb(25, 106, 212); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">polariseke@gmail.com</a><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11003">>, KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""> <</span><a ymailto="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" style="color: rgb(25, 106, 212); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">></span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10999">Subject: Re: [kictanet] Kenya's Silicon Savannah & the Need to do</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""> more</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">Message-ID:</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""> <</span><a ymailto="mailto:1424931600.16271.YahooMailBasic@web172102.mail.ir2.yahoo.com" href="mailto:1424931600.16271.YahooMailBasic@web172102.mail.ir2.yahoo.com" style="color: rgb(25, 106, 212); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10998">1424931600.16271.YahooMailBasic@web172102.mail.ir2.yahoo.com</a><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">></span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11142">Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">Paul, you hit the nail on the head.</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10997">The problems facing research and innovation commenced in the late 70s when some experts thought that research and innovation could only be carried out by institutions created by a Science and Technology law. </span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11143">Upon enactment, the law created the KEMRIs, KIRDIs, KEFRIS, KARIs and allowed the government to create additional research institutes when necessary. With the government diverting research funds to these institutions, the University of Nairobi (only university in the 1970s) started experiencing both human and capital problems as active researchers drifted to these institutes and the government cut the university research budget. This served well the political system of the day since they wanted to tame political radicalism at the university by diverting the much needed funds to these ill conceived institutions. </span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10996">The political elite overlooked the fact that the university can conduct research at very low cost since students are not paid to carry out research (instead they pay the institution through fees, research grants, etc) and by design students are always graduating from the institution thus avoiding problems associated with ageing researchers. </span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">Proponents of modern university would tell you that the Science and Technology Act killed the ?triple helix?, i.e the interplay between the university, industry and government and reduced the universities to lecturing, evaluating and degree granting institutions. </span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10993">Lastly, although licensing of researchers may be necessary in certain fields such as medicine on ethical basis, it should not apply to all fields. The drafters of the STIA 2013 needed to be more specific in this regard or specify that regulations will be developed covering the fields to be licensing and that the regulations will be reviewed from time to time.</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">James A. Kulubi</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">--------------------------------------------</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">On Thu, 26/2/15, Paul Korir via kictanet <</span><a ymailto="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" style="color: rgb(25, 106, 212); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10994">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">> wrote:</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10995">Subject: [kictanet] Kenya's Silicon Savannah & the Need to do more</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">To: </span><a ymailto="mailto:jkulubi@yahoo.co.uk" href="mailto:jkulubi@yahoo.co.uk" style="color: rgb(25, 106, 212); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">jkulubi@yahoo.co.uk</a><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">Date: Thursday, 26 February, 2015, 3:21</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">Listers,?</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11151">I recall reading the Science</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11150">Technology and Innovation Act of 2013 (STIA 2013) and being</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11121">sorely disappointed at some of the articles in that piece of</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11149">law. I?m not convinced that that is the kind of law that</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11148">will advance Kenya. If anything, it has taken us back</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11147">(pre-1976 when the previous legislation was signed into</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11146">law). For example, article 12 criminalises scientific</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11145">research except with with a license, which is clearly in</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11152">contravention of article 33 (c) of the constitution</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">(academic and scientific freedom). The penalty of this</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">contravention is a fine of up to five million or a sentence</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">of four years.?</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">Unless I?m missing something could</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_11144">someone please explain how this is progress?</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">The previous law was in harmony with</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">international laws (to the best of my understanding) in</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">support of scientific research but these were thrown out</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10992">because NACOSTI (previously NSTI, if I recall) had been</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">operating ?illegally? (i.e. demanding licenses without</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">any legal basis). Now STIA 2013 makes it legal and given</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">NACOSTI the teeth it needs to enforce its agenda.</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">In fact, private companies are</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">required to pay the highest research license fees. These are</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">things which only happen in developing countries and stifle</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">creative innovation for short-term gain.</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">Paul Korir,</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">PhD+353 86 224</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">1966+254 72 400</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class="">4767</span><br style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Segoe UI', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 13px;" class=""></div><div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10840"> </div><div class="signature" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10832"><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10831"><font size="2" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10830"><span style="font-family:times, serif;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424936198752_10829">----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span><br style="font-family:times, serif;"></font><font size="2"><span style="font-family:times, serif;">Matunda Nyanchama, PhD, CISSP; mnyanchama@aganoconsulting.com</span><br style="font-family:times, serif;"><span style="font-family:times, serif;">Agano Consulting Inc.; </span><a rel="nofollow" style="font-family:times, serif;" target="_blank" href="http://www.aganoconsulting.com/">www.aganoconsulting.com</a>; </font><font class="Apple-style-span" size="2">Twitter: <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://twitter.com/#%21/nmatunda"><span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1298476732_5" style="color:rgb(54, 99, 136);">nmatunda; </span></a></font><font class="Apple-style-span" size="2"><span style="text-decoration:underline;"></span>Skype: okiambe</font><font size="2"><br style="font-family:times, serif;"><span style="font-family:times, serif;">----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span></font></div><div style="font-family:times, serif;"><font size="2">Manage your ICT risks</font><span style="line-height:1.22;font-size:10pt;">! 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