<html><body><div style="color:#000; background-color:#fff; font-family:Courier New, courier, monaco, monospace, sans-serif;font-size:12pt"><div class="MsoNormal">To address the matter, one needs to first look at the
circumstances leading to a state of emergency. Section 58 of the Constitution gives
two conditions:</div><div class="MsoNormal">(a) the State is threatened by war, invasion, general
insurrection, disorder, natural disaster or other public emergency; and</div><div class="MsoNormal">(b) the declaration is necessary to meet the circumstances
for which the emergency is declared.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Of the conditions above, it is only natural disasters and civil
disorder that the service providers and the government have mitigating systems in place. Infrastructure
is duplicated (e.g fibre and satellite). Further, most countries have emergency
communication systems specifically to address disasters and disorders (see this paper on <a href="http://www.zmne.hu/aarms/docs/Volume4/Issue2/pdf/01nemeth.pdf">UK
emergency communication</a>); and come the
worst, states use the <a href="http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/emergencytelecoms/tampere.html">Tampere Convention</a>
to allow faster importation of telecommunication equipment. </div><div class="MsoNormal">War and invasion are probably more difficult to deal with. The state my wish to send warning messages to citizen but at the worst, the
enemy may use our national communication infrastructure (especially mobile
communications) to communicate thus
avoiding detection by military intelligence.</div><div class="MsoNormal">On the lighter note, the concerns Edith has upon seeing this statement in the law is easy to
understand, As early as 2004, a newly appointed government official got very
mad with government efforts to liberalize the communications sector. He asked “Tell me, If
we sell Telkom to a foreign firm and the
government wants to do something – What will I use?” Somebody informed him that
if what the government wants to do is legitimate, then any service provider will certainly
provide the service. He went further and asked “At no fee? And suppose it is an
emergency and we have all these complex procurement regulations in place. The
Government should just wait?” Finally somebody produced the <a href="http://www.cck.go.ke/regulations/downloads/The_Kenya_Communications_Act_1998.pdf">Communications
Act of 1998</a> and referred him to Section 88 and informed him that during a
state of emergency, the government can take
temporary possession of any communication system as provided for in the
section.</div><div class="MsoNormal">This provision has always been in our laws and indeed exists in many other jurisdictions. </div><div class="MsoNormal">Best Regards</div><div><span>
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal">James Kulubi</div><div><br></div> <div style="font-family: 'Courier New', courier, monaco, monospace, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <div style="font-family: 'times new roman', 'new york', times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <div dir="ltr"> <hr size="1"> <font size="2" face="Arial"> <b><span style="font-weight:bold;">From:</span></b> Ali Hussein <ali@hussein.me.ke><br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">To:</span></b> jkulubi@yahoo.co.uk <br><b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Cc:</span></b> KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions <kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke> <br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Sent:</span></b> Wednesday, 10 July 2013, 4:32<br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Subject:</span></b> Re: [kictanet] KIC (Amendement) Bill - Communications during
emergency<br> </font> </div> <div class="y_msg_container"><br><div id="yiv3401328217"><div><div>Yes. I would agree. Society unfortunately has to have certain precautionary steps put in place to protect national Interest. One can only hope that it is not misused. <br><br><div><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium;">Ali Hussein</span></div><div><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium;">CEO | 3mice interactive media Ltd</span></div><div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium;">Principal | Telemedia Africa Ltd</div></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium;"><br></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium;">+254 713 601113/ 0770 906375</div><div><span style=""><br></span></div><div><span style="">"The future belongs to him who knows how to wait." - Russian Proverb</span></div><div><br></div>Sent from my iPad</div><div><br>On Jul 9, 2013, at 10:56 PM, Barrack Otieno <<a
rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:otieno.barrack@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:otieno.barrack@gmail.com">otieno.barrack@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br><br></div><blockquote type="cite"><div><div>Well there was a feeling that based on 2007, it is a valid propasal.</div>
<div class="yiv3401328217gmail_quote">On Jul 9, 2013 10:53 PM, "Edith Adera" <<a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:eadera@idrc.ca" target="_blank" href="mailto:eadera@idrc.ca">eadera@idrc.ca</a>> wrote:<br><blockquote class="yiv3401328217gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;">
<div lang="EN-CA">
<div>
<div class="yiv3401328217MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">Listers,<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div class="yiv3401328217MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"><u></u> <u></u></span></div>
<div class="yiv3401328217MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">I managed to catch the tail end of the stakeholder deliberations today, and wonder if I’m the only one uncomfortable with this section below in the Kenya Information and
Communication Bill?<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div class="yiv3401328217MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"><u></u> <u></u></span></div>
<div class="yiv3401328217MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">Am I unduly concerned or others feel the same? Worth debating?<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div class="yiv3401328217MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></div>
<div class="yiv3401328217MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">Concerned Edith<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div class="yiv3401328217MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></div>
<div class="yiv3401328217MsoNormal">===============<u></u><u></u></div>
<div><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">102B</span></b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">. (1) Upon the declaration of a state of emergency under Article 58 of the Constitution, the Authority may give a direction to any communications service provider
that their entitlement to provide communication services has either been: <u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">(a) suspended, either generally or in relation to specific services, networks or facilities ; or
<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">(b) restricted or modified with respect to the provisions given in the direction.
<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div><span style="font-size:14.0pt;"><u></u> <u></u></span></div>
<div><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">(2) The restriction or modification under subsection (1) (b) of this section may include—
<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">(a) provisions for the taking, removal, addition, construction, control or the usage for purposes of mitigating public emergencies or disasters of, all or any such communication system, equipment or services
under this Act; and <u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div><span style="font-size:14.0pt;">(b) provisions for the stopping, delaying and censoring of messages and broadcasts and the carrying out of any other purposes which the Authority thinks necessary to facilitate the direction given.
<u></u><u></u></span></div>
<div class="yiv3401328217MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;"><u></u> <u></u></span></div>
<div class="yiv3401328217MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;">(3) A direction under this section shall apply only for the duration of the state of emergency
</span><u></u><u></u></div>
</div>
</div>
<br>_______________________________________________<br>
kictanet mailing list<br>
<a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank" href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br>
<a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet">https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet</a><br>
<br>
Unsubscribe or change your options at <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/otieno.barrack%40gmail.com">https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/otieno.barrack%40gmail.com</a><br>
<br>
The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in the ICT sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and development.<br>
<br>
KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and bandwidth, share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect privacy, do not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.<br>
</blockquote></div>
</div></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><div><span>_______________________________________________</span><br><span>kictanet mailing list</span><br><span><a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank" href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a></span><br><span><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet">https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet</a></span><br><span></span><br><span>Unsubscribe or change your options at <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/info%40alyhussein.com">https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/info%40alyhussein.com</a></span><br><span></span><br><span>The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and regulation. The network aims to act as
a catalyst for reform in the ICT sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and development.</span><br><span></span><br><span>KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and bandwidth, share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect privacy, do not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.</span></div></blockquote></div></div><br>_______________________________________________<br>kictanet mailing list<br><a ymailto="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br><a href="https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet" target="_blank">https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet</a><br><br>Unsubscribe or change your options at <a href="https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/jkulubi%40yahoo.co.uk"
target="_blank">https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/jkulubi%40yahoo.co.uk</a><br><br>The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in the ICT sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and development.<br><br>KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and bandwidth, share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect privacy, do not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.<br><br></div> </div> </div> </div></body></html>