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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Finally!

CCK has taken the right direction and should not be cowed by all the noise in

the blogsphere. The law must be enforced regardless of the timing. An

illegality is an illegality. Kindly let us not politicize the matter.

Enforcement of this judgment does not in any way relate to SK supporting CORD.

This should be seen as a pure enforcement of a broadcast requirement. <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:

"Times New Roman""><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""> </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Broadcast

licences have conditions and CCK does warn against their breaching.

 For example CCK is usually clear on power of transmitter, the radius of

broadcast, the equipment that is approved etc. If for example you go beyond

that radius, or use a more powerful transmitter and therefore interfere with

other stations' signals, you breach the law and CCK has to come in. Further, in

this case, RMS was given sufficient time to put in corrective measures. </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:

"Times New Roman""><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""> </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">This

court case between RMS and CCK has been going on for a while. Please read:

 <b>http://kenyalaw.org/CaseSearch/view_preview1.php?link=70542457891338696266282</b></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:

"Times New Roman""><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""> </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Just

to highlight a few things:  <o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">CCK

issued a public notice on May 17, 2012 where it warned of  "<b><i><span style="color:#333333">UNAUTHORISED USE OF BROADCAST FREQUENCIES"</span></i></b>  <span style="color:#333333;background:white"> in the Daily Nation, </span>and

reminded "<span style="color:#333333;background:white">the licensed

frequency users that all radio frequency transmitters must be operated under a

valid licence whose conditions must be adhered to. In accordance with

the </span><i><span style="color:#333333">Kenya Information and

Communications Act, Cap 411A<span style="color:#333333;background:

white">, operation of radio services without a licence is an offence that

attracts a fine of Kshs.5 million and imprisonment for a term not exceeding

three years or both"</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;

font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""> </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";

color:#333333;background:white">Those operating illegal licences were given a

30 day notice to surrender the frequencies, failure to which CCK warned that it

would take action. Several radio stations among them Neutral Digital

Broadcasters Limited, Trans World Radio – Kenya, Real-Time Solutions Limited,

Imani Radio & TV Ministries, Capital FM and other stations duly complied

with the direction and informed CCK that they had installed band filters to

minimise harmful interference. <o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""> </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";

color:#333333;background:white">CCK wrote to RMS a <b><i>“Notice of Violation”</i></b></span><b><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:

"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#333333"> </span></i></b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:

"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#333333;

background:white">l</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";

color:#333333;background:white">etter dated 3<sup>rd</sup> August

2012, where several non conformities were noted. CCK was concerned

that that despite having asked RMS to correct the anomalies, no action had

been taken. CCK further asked RMS to take corrective measures within 30 days

from the date of the letter to ensure that it installs "the band pass

filters, obtain Type Approval for its transmitters, shut down unauthorised

stations and relocate to the designated broadcast sites". RMS on different

dates received more letters from CCK on unauthorized use

frequencies. </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""> </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";

color:#333333;background:white">Needless to say, RMS did not comply and instead

went to court (it enjoined the AG and the Minister of Information) arguing

that it was entitled to continued use of the frequencies since the body

envisaged by </span><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";

color:#333333">Article 34 (5) of Kenya's 2010 Constitution</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:

"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#333333;

background:white"> for licensing and issuing broadcaster’s frequencies was

yet to be established. Further, RMS argued that the letters and Notice issued

by CCK contravened/violated its fundamental rights and freedoms under</span><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:

"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#333333"> Articles

34, 40, 47 </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";

color:#333333;background:white">and</span><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;

font-family:"Garamond","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";

mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#333333"> 48 </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:

"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#333333;

background:white">of Kenya's Constitution and requested the court.

Additionally, RMS wanted (14) (g)</span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";color:#333333;

background:white;mso-bidi-font-style:italic"> </span></span><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;

color:#333333;background:white">A permanent injunction restraining the 2<sup>nd</sup></span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

color:#333333;background:white;mso-bidi-font-style:italic"> (Minister) </span></span><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:

"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:#333333;background:white">and

3<sup>rd</sup></span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";color:#333333;

background:white;mso-bidi-font-style:italic"> (CCK) </span></span><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:

"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:#333333;background:white">respondents

or any of them from cancelling, stopping, suspending, restricting or in any way

whatsoever interfering with the petitioner’s licences frequencies, broadcasting

spectrums and broadcasting services.</span></em><span style="font-size:12.0pt;

font-family:"Garamond","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";

mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""> </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">The

courts (Justice Majanja) already re-emphasized the regulatory role of CCK in

issuance of licences and frequencies on 18th January 2013. </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:

"Times New Roman""><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""> </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">This

is the summary of the ruling.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:

"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman""> </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><b><u><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:

"Garamond","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:

Tahoma;color:#333333">Conclusion and disposition<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:

"Times New Roman";color:#333333"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;

color:#333333">62.  In summary, I find and hold that the CCK is

entitled to exercise regulatory authority over broadcasting and other

electronic media pursuant to the <b><i>Kenya Information and

Communications Act</i></b> until such time as Parliament establishes the

body contemplated under <b>Article 34(5)</b> of the

Constitution. Thus prayers (a), (b) and (c) of the amended petition are

dismissed.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#333333"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;

color:#333333">63.   I find and hold that the letters dated 6<sup>th</sup> March

2012, 3<sup>rd</sup> August 2012, the Notice of Violation dated 3<sup>rd</sup> August

2012 and the notice issued in the Daily Nation of 17<sup>th</sup> May 2012

are not in contravention of the petitioners rights protected by <b>Articles

34</b>,<b> 40 </b>and<b> 47</b> of the Constitution as they

are in the nature of notices that afford RMS to show cause why regulatory

action should not be taken against it. As a consequence, I reject prayers (d),

and (e) of the amended petition.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;

font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";

color:#333333"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;

color:#333333">64.  The grant of prayers (f) and (g) of the amended

petition would have the effect of excluding RMS from statutory regulations. As

I have held, I do not think regulatory action, which entitles the RMS to due

process is a violation of the Constitution nor does such action interfere with

its fundamental rights and freedoms of the petitioner.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:

"Times New Roman";color:#333333"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;

color:#333333">65.   In view of the findings I have made, the

petition is dismissed. As this is a matter for the enforcement of fundamental

rights and freedoms I decline to make an award for costs.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:

"Times New Roman";color:#333333"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;

color:#333333">66.   I thank counsel who appeared in this matter

for their detailed submissions.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:

"Tahoma","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#333333"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;

color:#333333">DATED</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Garamond","serif";

mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;

color:#333333"> and<b> DELIVERED</b> at <b>NAIROBI </b>this

18<sup>th</sup> day of January 2013.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;

font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";

color:#333333"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;

text-align:justify;mso-line-height-alt:11.25pt"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;

font-family:"Garamond","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";

mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#333333"> </span><span style="font-size:

10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";

color:#333333"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div><br></div>                                    </div></body>

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