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<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>Interesting
discussion. My view is that all players must understand that freedom comes with
responsibility and absolute freedom is a mirage. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>Globalization
presents immense opportunities and challenges and the balancing act is quite
delicate. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>The
challenge is the point of balance to ensure that privacy is not violated to
the extent that whoever is being protected does not also infringe on others privacy
through their actions…with all these threat of terrorism and other ills. In the
case of intermediaries, to what extent should they be liable to the action of
others and when it comes to disclosure, what should be the guiding principles?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>Jane
Thuo</span><span style='font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> kictanet
[mailto:kictanet-bounces+info=amwik.org@lists.kictanet.or.ke] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Grace
Githaiga<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, October 03, 2012 11:09 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> info@amwik.org<br>
<b>Cc:</b> kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke; isoc@orion.my.co.ke<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [kictanet] Defining intermediary liability in Kenya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:10.0pt;line-height:15.0pt;background:
white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif";
color:#2A2A2A'>Thanks Ali</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:#2A2A2A'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:10.0pt;line-height:15.0pt;background:
white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif";
color:#2A2A2A'>You raise important points which center on violation of privacy,
denial by companies/brands to deny use of its domain(s) and really where do we
draw the line as far as our freedoms are concerned. All these points have been
noted.</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:#2A2A2A'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:10.0pt;line-height:15.0pt;background:
white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:#2A2A2A'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:10.0pt;line-height:15.0pt;background:
white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif";
color:#2A2A2A'>Listers, the floor is still open. We still go back to the
questions raised yesterday:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:#2A2A2A'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:10.0pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:10.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>Question:</span></b><span
style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:16.2pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:
12.75pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>1.</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt'> </span><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>Are there other ways that we
should define intermediaries?</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
"Segoe UI","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:16.2pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:
12.75pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>2.</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt'> </span><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>What role should intermediaries
play?</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Segoe UI","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:16.2pt;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:
12.75pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>3.</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>Considering that they do not create
the content, should they be liable? And if so, in what ways?</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Segoe UI","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:10.0pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>Please feel free to respond to any of
the issues today, and tomorrow we can move on to the next step.</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:10.0pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:10.0pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>Thanks you.</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:10.0pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>Rgds</span><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:10.0pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:10.0pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>Grace</span><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center id=stopSpelling>
</span></div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>CC: alice@apc.org; isoc@orion.my.co.ke;
kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke<br>
From: ali@hussein.me.ke<br>
Subject: Re: [ISOC_KE] Defining intermediary liability in Kenya<br>
Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2012 06:03:03 +0300<br>
To: ggithaiga@hotmail.com<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Grace
and all<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>A
good piece on intermediary liability. I look forward to the discussions next
week.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>This
is a touchy area which in my opinion remains undefined and subject to
interpretations depending on what side of the fence you find yourself. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>For
example it is a known fact that the US Government periodically asks Google and
other search engines to provide search histories of known Pedophiles. Is this a
violation of one's privacy? Or can we argue that the Government is justified in
this particular case?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>How
about the fact that known and well established global companies/Brands like
Amazon and PayPal were used to blunt the bite of wikileaks by denying it the
use of its domain and payment systems? This is a clear case of the US
Government coercing these companies to do something that doesn't pass muster in
the name of 'National Security'.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>As
a country where do we draw the line? At what point do we say this is for the
good of the community and quash personal freedoms? Do our ideas of personal
freedoms and the good of the community equate to the western value system?
These are weighty questions that we as a society must address. And now. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>The
ongoing cases of two bloggers charged with various offenses will be
instrumental. The judiciary is faced with a situation of monumental
delicateness and import. We do hope that they will treat it with the
weightiness it deserves.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>I
look forward to Wednesday's breakfast discussions. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Ali
Hussein<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=ecxapple-style-span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>+254 773/713 601113</span></span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Sent
from my iPad<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><br>
On Oct 2, 2012, at 1:03 PM, Grace Githaiga <<a
href="mailto:ggithaiga@hotmail.com">ggithaiga@hotmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:.1pt;text-align:justify'><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>Listers</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:.1pt;text-align:justify'><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>Greetings.</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:.1pt;text-align:justify'><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'> </span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:.1pt;text-align:justify'><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>This
is a follow up to Alice’s email in which she shared a study on intermediary liability
in Kenya, and inviting you to a discussion on the same.</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:.1pt;text-align:justify'><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'> </span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:.1pt;text-align:justify'><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>Internet
intermediaries bring together or facilitate transactions between third parties
on the Internet. They give access to, host, transmit and index content,
products and services originated by third parties on the Internet or provide
internet based services to third parties.’ </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:.1pt;text-align:justify'><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'> </span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:.1pt;text-align:justify'><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>OECD
identifies Internet intermediaries to include ‘Internet access and service
providers (ISPs), data processing and web hosting providers including domain
name registrars, internet search engines and portals, internet payment systems,
e-commerce intermediaries and participative networking platforms which include
internet publishing and broadcasting platforms that do not themselves create or
own content being published or broadcast’. </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:.1pt;text-align:justify'><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'> </span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:11.55pt;background:white'><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>From
a Kenyan perspective, it is important to consider mobile service providers as
intermediaries since mobile telephony continues to set the stage for adoption
of Internet access even though they are regulated under telecom laws.</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:11.55pt;background:white'><span
lang=EN-GB style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'> </span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:11.55pt;background:white'><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>Intermediary
liability was indirectly discussed on this list last week through the
Piracy/WAPkid/Copyright discussion. </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'> </span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>Question:</span></b><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:-.25in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>1.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt'>
</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif";
background:white'>Are there other ways that we should define intermediaries?</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:-.25in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>2.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt'>
</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif";
background:white'>What role should intermediaries play?</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:-.25in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>3.</span><span style='font-size:7.0pt'>
</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif";
background:white'>Considering that they do not create the content, should they
be liable? And if so, in what ways? </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>Please
feel free to respond to any of the issues. </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>Rgds</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"'>Grace</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center id=ecxstopSpelling>
</span></div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2012 19:57:35 +0300<br>
From: <a href="mailto:alice@apc.org">alice@apc.org</a><br>
Subject: [kictanet] Discussion intermediary liability in Kenya<br>
CC: <a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br>
To: <a href="mailto:ggithaiga@hotmail.com">ggithaiga@hotmail.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Dear
Colleagues, <br>
<br>
This is an invitation to a discussion on intermediary liability in Kenya
starting tomorrow Tuesday 2nd October 2012, which will be followed by a
breakfast meeting on 10th October at jacaranda hotel. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>See
attached the initial findings of the study on Intermediary Liability in Kenya.
We welcome comments. Please note that this initial report is a forthcoming
publication, and it should not be cited publicly until November, when the final
report will be made available.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>The
study notes that there is a lack of a clear framework for liability of
intermediaries and a lot of uncertainty in understanding our evolving
post-constitution legislative environment particularly in "regards to what
offenses may happen on communications networks and whether intermediaries would
be liable or not, this may have contributed to caution
and self-regulation. <br>
<br>
In addition, there seems to be no legislated take down procedures other than
responding in court to whichever law was cited as broken. Do we
need a "clear framework for liability of intermediaries, and safe
harbor legislation? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the
current situation?<br>
<br>
We would like to encourage policy discussions on these issues with the aim of
providing concrete recommendations and way forward.<br>
<br>
Grace Githaiga and Victor Kapiyo will take it from here<br>
<br>
Best<br>
<br>
Alice<br>
<br>
<br>
This is a project of:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Kenya
ICT Action Network (KICTANET)<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Open
Society Initiative (OSI)<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Association
for Progressive Communications (APC)<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Google<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Ministry
of Information and Communications<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Telecommunications
Service Providers Association of Kenya (TESPOK)<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><br>
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