<div>Dear all, <br>This is a recommendation of the Council of Ministers for Europe but it is very interesting in light of the discussions in the EAIGF today especially on cybersecurity/ cybercrime. <br>See forwarded (inline) message below although the local/East African/African context could provide a good framework for co-operation. But one one has to wonder how this impacts human rights eg if one state requests another to take down content or block content....<br>
<br>......................<br>forwarded message<br>In the context of the overall discussions on rights and principles for the Internet, I wanted to call attention to thIs�<a href="https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=1835707&Site=CM&BackColorInternet=C3C3C3&BackColorIntranet=EDB021&BackColorLogged=F5D383" target="_blank">recommendation of the Council of Ministers of the Council of Europe</a>.
It�established an important notion regarding the responsibility of
States to avoid national decisions or actions that would have a
transborder impact on access to and use of the Internet.�</div>
<div><br></div><div>The relevant paragraphs are as follows (emphasis added):</div><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div><p style><u><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"><i>1.1. No harm</i></font></u></p>
</div><div><p style><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"><i>1.1.1.
States have the responsibility to ensure, in compliance with the
standards recognised in international human rights law and with the
principles of international law, that <b>their actions do not have an adverse transboundary impact on access to and use of the Internet</b>.</i></font></p>
</div><div><p style><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"><i>1.1.2.
This should include, in particular, the responsibility to ensure that
their actions within their jurisdictions do not illegitimately interfere
with access to content outside their territorial boundaries or
negatively impact the transboundary flow of Internet traffic.</i></font></p>
</div><div><p style><u><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"><i>1.2. Co-operation</i></font></u></p></div><div><p style><font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"><i>States
should co-operate in good faith with each other and with relevant
stakeholders at all stages of development and implementation of
Internet-related public policies to <b>avoid any adverse transboundary impact on access to and use of the Internet</b>.</i></font></p>
</div></blockquote><br clear="all"><div>As you know, governments actions that can be interpreted as
implementing an implicit higher norm represent - if repeated - a
foundation for recognizing this norm as an emerging international
principle.�</div>
<div><br></div><div>In that regard, the fact that Egypt's shutting down
access to the Internet on its territory during the Arab Spring left all
the transit traffic untouched points to an emerging principle of "no
tampering with transit traffic" that may prove very important in the
future in particular for landlocked countries.</div>
<div><br></div><div>This was the trigger for the introduction of the
above paragraphs in the CoE recommendation and I thought it was useful
to call attention to this dimension.�</div><div><br></div><div>As a side note, it is interesting to look at this principle in the context of the rojadirecta and bodog cases.�</div>
<div><br></div><div>Looking forward to more discussions on this topic in Baku.�</div><div><br></div><div>Hope it helps.�</div><span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><div><br></div></font></span>-- <br>Grace L.N. Mutung'u (Bomu)<br>
Kenya<br>Skype: gracebomu<br>Twitter: GraceMutung'u (Bomu)<br><br>