<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" ><tr><td valign="top" style="font: inherit;"><p>Daktari,</p><p><br></p><p>This is what is called Fuzzy Logic - a branch of computer science.</p><p> </p><p>Fuzzy logic is a form of many-valued logic or probabilistic logic; it deals with reasoning that is approximate rather than fixed and exact. In contrast with traditional logic theory, where binary sets have two-valued logic: true or false, fuzzy logic variables may have a truth value that ranges in degree between 0 and 1.</p><p><br></p><p>Adapted from </p><p>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzy_logic</p><p><br></p><p>Am glad it has helped you out - at least for now :-)</p><p><br></p><p>walu.</p><p><br></p><p><br></p><br>--- On <b>Tue, 6/5/12, bitange@jambo.co.ke <i><bitange@jambo.co.ke></i></b> wrote:<br><blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; padding-left: 5px;"><br>From:
bitange@jambo.co.ke <bitange@jambo.co.ke><br>Subject: Re: [kictanet] Is the UN (Read Governments) the Next Big Threat to Internet Freedom?<br>To: jwalu@yahoo.com<br>Cc: "KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions" <kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke><br>Date: Tuesday, June 5, 2012, 1:58 PM<br><br><div class="plainMail">The World is not black and white only. Having no position is in itself a<br>position.<br><br>Ndemo.<br><br><br><br>> Walu<br>><br>> Thank you for putting words in the mouth of Government! :) Now if only<br>> someone in Government can agree/disagree with Walu's thoughts..<br>><br>> CCK you there?<br>><br>> Ali Hussein<br>><br>> +254 773/713 601113<br>><br>> Sent from my iPhone®<br>><br>> On Jun 4, 2012, at 8:00 PM, Walubengo J <<a ymailto="mailto:jwalu@yahoo.com" href="/mc/compose?to=jwalu@yahoo.com">jwalu@yahoo.com</a>> wrote:<br>><br>>> @Ali,<br>>><br>>> am not
in government but I can deduce "their" position...Most African<br>>> Government Positions in international ICT matters is as spelled out by<br>>> ITU. It has worked well in some areas - such as enforcing international<br>>> standards in telephony and radio frequencies.<br>>><br>>> Am not sure the same approach would achieve similar success in matters<br>>> purely Internet. But that does not mean that ITU will or should stop<br>>> trying - particularly because telephony and other traditional<br>>> telco-issues have indeed moved onto the internet platform and we dont<br>>> want the ITU ecosystem stranded in the 20th Century...we got to move<br>>> with them.<br>>><br>>> So until when we pass the Freedom of Information Bill , we shall<br>>> continue to read the ITU lips/position in order to know what Kenya and<br>>> the other big girls in Africa are
thinking. However, Brasil, Rep S.A,<br>>> India and China (BRIC countries ) were honest enough to state this (ITU)<br>>> position loudly enough for everyone to hear during the last IGF meeting<br>>> held in Nairobi 2011...<br>>><br>>> On another related but domestic issue, our laws expect the National<br>>> Communication Secretariate to be the conveyor of our National Position,<br>>> but in practice (I stand to be corrected) it appears the Regulator<br>>> through ITU gets to have the last say.<br>>><br>>> walu.<br>>><br>>> --- On Mon, 6/4/12, Ali Hussein <<a ymailto="mailto:ali@hussein.me.ke" href="/mc/compose?to=ali@hussein.me.ke">ali@hussein.me.ke</a>> wrote:<br>>><br>>> From: Ali Hussein <<a ymailto="mailto:ali@hussein.me.ke" href="/mc/compose?to=ali@hussein.me.ke">ali@hussein.me.ke</a>><br>>> Subject: Re: [kictanet] Is the UN (Read
Governments) the Next Big Threat<br>>> to Internet Freedom?<br>>> To: <a ymailto="mailto:jwalu@yahoo.com" href="/mc/compose?to=jwalu@yahoo.com">jwalu@yahoo.com</a><br>>> Cc: "KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions" <<a ymailto="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" href="/mc/compose?to=kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>><br>>> Date: Monday, June 4, 2012, 7:15 PM<br>>><br>>> Indeed. I'm abit surprised by the silence from CCK and other<br>>> Governmental Agencies on this issue. Does it mean we as a country do not<br>>> have a position on this?<br>>><br>>> Ali Hussein<br>>><br>>> +254 773/713 601113<br>>><br>>> Sent from my iPhone®<br>>><br>>> On Jun 4, 2012, at 5:04 PM, McTim <<a ymailto="mailto:dogwallah@gmail.com" href="/mc/compose?to=dogwallah@gmail.com">dogwallah@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br>>><br>>> >
Hi,<br>>> ><br>>> > This is not just about ICANN, the ITRs that will are being negotiated<br>>> > in this process cover a whole gamut of Internet related things (such<br>>> > as peering and interconnection), not just names and numbers (a la<br>>> > ICANN).<br>>> ><br>>> > We should have something to say in the formulation of the Kenyan<br>>> > position, certainly.<br>>> ><br>>> > Regards,<br>>> ><br>>> > McTim<br>>> ><br>>> > On Mon, Jun 4, 2012 at 12:31 AM, Ali Hussein <<a ymailto="mailto:ali@hussein.me.ke" href="/mc/compose?to=ali@hussein.me.ke">ali@hussein.me.ke</a>><br>>> wrote:<br>>> >> Listers<br>>> >><br>>> >> Interesting article. A few weeks ago I raised the issue on Internet<br>>> Freedom<br>>> >> and Governance and asked whether our government has a
position on<br>>> this?<br>>> >><br>>> >> <a href="http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-06-01/is-the-un-the-next-big-threat-to-internet-freedom" target="_blank">http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-06-01/is-the-un-the-next-big-threat-to-internet-freedom</a><br>>> >><br>>> >> This article brings to the fore the different voices that are<br>>> advocating for<br>>> >> two key positions:-<br>>> >><br>>> >> 1. Should the status quo remain? Where the key player ICANN (the<br>>> Internet<br>>> >> Corporation for Assigned Names & Numbers), which is a private,<br>>> U.S.-based<br>>> >> nonprofit organization) exerts control over the fundamental levers<br>>> and gears<br>>> >> that underlie the Internet—including the domain-name system.<br>>> Although ICANN<br>>> >> says it operates
on a multistakeholder model that involves such<br>>> groups as<br>>> >> the Internet Engineering Task Force and the World Wide Web<br>>> Consortium, there<br>>> >> has been a lot of criticism of the organization over the years, from<br>>> >> allegations of conflicts of interest to moves such as the recent<br>>> expansion<br>>> >> of the top-level domain system.<br>>> >><br>>> >> 2. Should the UN, through the ITU (international Telecommunications<br>>> Union<br>>> >> take over from ICANN? Critics including one of the “fathers of the<br>>> >> Internet,” TCP/IP developer Vinton Cerf say putting control of the<br>>> Net under<br>>> >> the UN body would subject the Internet to the whims of many nations<br>>> whose<br>>> >> commitment to democracy and free speech is questionable at best,<br>>>
including<br>>> >> China and Russia. Cerf, who is currently the chief Internet<br>>> evangelist at<br>>> >> Google, said the move would threaten the free and open nature of the<br>>> >> Internet:<br>>> >><br>>> >> As the Internet Community in Kenya do we have a position on this? The<br>>> Kenya<br>>> >> Government? CCK?<br>>> >><br>>> >> Regards<br>>> >><br>>> >> --<br>>> >><br>>> >> Ali Hussein|Managing Partner<br>>> >><br>>> >><br>>> >> Telemedia Africa<br>>> >> Azania Technology Group<br>>> >><br>>> >> Chaka Court, Argwings Kodhek Road<br>>> >><br>>> >> P O Box 14556-00100<br>>> >><br>>> >> Office: +254 737 751409<br>>> >><br>>> >> Cell:
+254 773/713 601113<br>>> >><br>>> >> Nairobi, Kenya<br>>> >><br>>> >><br>>> >><br>>> >><br>>> >><br>>> >> Twitter: @AliHKassim<br>>> >><br>>> >> Skype: abu-jomo<br>>> >><br>>> >><br>>> >><br>>> >> "You generally hear that what a man doesn't know doesn't hurt him,<br>>> but in<br>>> >> business what a man doesn't know does hurt.". - E. St. Elmo Lewis,<br>>> member,<br>>> >> Advertising Hall of Fame<br>>> >><br>>> >> _______________________________________________<br>>> >> kictanet mailing list<br>>> >> <a ymailto="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" href="/mc/compose?to=kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br>>> >> <a
href="https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet" target="_blank">https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet</a><br>>> >><br>>> >> Unsubscribe or change your options at<br>>> >> <a href="https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/dogwallah%40gmail.com" target="_blank">https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/dogwallah%40gmail.com</a><br>>> >><br>>> >> The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder<br>>> platform for<br>>> >> people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and<br>>> >> regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in the<br>>> ICT<br>>> >> sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and<br>>> development.<br>>> >><br>>> >> KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable<br>>>
behaviors<br>>> >> online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and<br>>> bandwidth,<br>>> >> share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect<br>>> privacy, do<br>>> >> not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.<br>>><br>>> _______________________________________________<br>>> kictanet mailing list<br>>> <a ymailto="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" href="/mc/compose?to=kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br>>> <a href="https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet" target="_blank">https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet</a><br>>><br>>> Unsubscribe or change your options at<br>>> <a href="https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/jwalu%40yahoo.com"
target="_blank">https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/jwalu%40yahoo.com</a><br>>><br>>> The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform<br>>> for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and<br>>> regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in the ICT<br>>> sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and<br>>> development.<br>>><br>>> KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors<br>>> online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and<br>>> bandwidth, share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect<br>>> privacy, do not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.<br>> _______________________________________________<br>> kictanet mailing list<br>> <a ymailto="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke"
href="/mc/compose?to=kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br>> <a href="https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet" target="_blank">https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet</a><br>><br>> Unsubscribe or change your options at<br>> <a href="https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/bitange%40jambo.co.ke" target="_blank">https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/bitange%40jambo.co.ke</a><br>><br>> The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform<br>> for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and<br>> regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in the ICT<br>> sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and<br>> development.<br>><br>> KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors<br>> online that you follow in real life: respect people's
times and bandwidth,<br>> share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect privacy, do<br>> not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.<br><br><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>kictanet mailing list<br><a ymailto="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke" href="/mc/compose?to=kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br><a href="https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet" target="_blank">https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet</a><br><br>Unsubscribe or change your options at <a href="https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/jwalu%40yahoo.com" target="_blank">https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/jwalu%40yahoo.com</a><br><br>The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in
the ICT sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and development.<br><br>KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and bandwidth, share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect privacy, do not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.<br></div></blockquote></td></tr></table>