<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" />
<title>Re: [kictanet] Congratulations Jason!</title>
</head>
<body dir="ltr">
Josiah - It took only 51.14 seconds. Jason has actually broken the Olympic record <a href="http://results.beijing2008.cn/WRM/ENG/INF/SW/C73A1/SWM021907.shtml#SWM021907">http://results.beijing2008.cn/WRM/ENG/INF/SW/C73A1/SWM021907.shtml#SWM021907</a><p>And shame on state broadcaster KBC for being stuck with a basketball game between Angola and China while this history was being made by a Kenyan. KBC should pull up their socks bwana Waruru.</p><p>Waudo</p><pre>On Thu, 14 Aug 2008 16:31:44 +0300, "Josiah Mugambi" <jmugambi@gmail.com> said:
</pre><blockquote class="QuoteMessage" type="cite"><div dir="ltr">too bad it only lasted 9 minutes but congrats nonetheless..<br /><br />4th overall timewise is great! .. Now beating Phelps while in the pool at the same time would be even more enjoyable.<br /><br /><div class="gmail_quote">On Thu, Aug 14, 2008 at 4:25 PM, waudo siganga <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:emailsignet@mailcan.com">emailsignet@mailcan.com</a>></span> wrote:<br /><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(204,204,204) 1px solid">Sorry to interrupt with this non-ICT issue but then we all operate in<br />the wider environment. While today's early headlines were all about<br />Michael Phelps being the greatest Olympian, here pops up KENYAN Jason<br />Dunford and smashes Phelps Olympic Record in the 100m butterfly. BIG<br />CONGRATS.<br /><br />Waudo<br /><br />On Thu, 14 Aug 2008 05:48:17 -0700 (PDT), "Alex Gakuru"<br /><<a href="mailto:alex.gakuru@yahoo.com">alex.gakuru@yahoo.com</a>> said:<br />> Clearly Brian I am was not referring to peering but something within.<br />> I shall locate and extract the lines from my 6deploy notes and post.<br />><br />> regards,<br />><br />><br />><br />> --- On Thu, 8/14/08, Brian Longwe <<a href="mailto:blongwe@gmail.com">blongwe@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br />><br />> > From: Brian Longwe <<a href="mailto:blongwe@gmail.com">blongwe@gmail.com</a>><br />> > Subject: Re: [kictanet] Day 3 of 10:-IGF Discussions, Internet Interconnection Charges<br />> > To: <a href="mailto:alex.gakuru@yahoo.com">alex.gakuru@yahoo.com</a><br />> > Cc: <a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br />> > Date: Thursday, August 14, 2008, 12:52 AM<br />> > Alex,<br />> ><br />> > The term is not "announcing" it is known as<br />> > "peering"<br />> > <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peering" target="_blank">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peering</a> which is defined as<br />> > "<br />> > is voluntary interconnection of administratively separate<br />> > Internet<<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" target="_blank">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet</a>><br />> > networks <<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_network" target="_blank">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_network</a>><br />> > for the purpose of<br />> > exchanging traffic between the customers of each network.<br />> > The pure<br />> > definition of peering is settlement-free or "sender<br />> > keeps all," meaning that<br />> > neither party pays the other for the exchanged traffic,<br />> > instead, each<br />> > derives revenue from its own customers.<br />> > "<br />> ><br />> > Underlying the ability to peer is the ability to access<br />> > affordable<br />> > infrastructure, otherwise most operators settle for transit<br />> > arrangements<br />> > where the inherent costs of the underlying transport is too<br />> > high.<br />> ><br />> > Regards,<br />> ><br />> > Brian<br />> ><br />> > On Wed, Aug 13, 2008 at 9:47 PM, Gakuru, Alex<br />> > <<a href="mailto:alexgakuru.lists@gmail.com">alexgakuru.lists@gmail.com</a>>wrote:<br />> ><br />> > > Alongside we should also consider the IXP concept<br />> > where ISPs mutually<br />> > > accept one another traffic without international<br />> > transit (the concept<br />> > > is called "announcing"). Simply put, such<br />> > traffic never incurs<br />> > > international transit costs. Question: Should this<br />> > "part" of internet<br />> > > cost consumers the same as costly international<br />> > satellite? This<br />> > > becomes more apparent when a lot of popular sites get<br />> > locally hosted,<br />> > > and for example where local content woes and comprises<br />> > most traffic.<br />> > ><br />> > > Besides that, East (and all of) Africa should embrace<br />> > solutions that<br />> > > "keep Africa traffic in Africa" such as<br />> > RASCOM 1 - the satellite now<br />> > > in space that was designed by Kenya's own Engineer<br />> > James Rege;)<br />> > > potentially saving Africa a sizable chunk of the US$<br />> > 800 million<br />> > > annual spending on transit traffic. Also more local<br />> > and regional IXPs<br />> > > would assist (and less NATs please)<br />> > ><br />> > > Network neutrality is a very hot one I dare not touch<br />> > much except<br />> > > affirm that whatever obstructs "the end-to-end<br />> > > principle"<<br />> > ><br />> > <a href="http://web.mit.edu/Saltzer/www/publications/endtoend/endtoend.txt" target="_blank">http://web.mit.edu/Saltzer/www/publications/endtoend/endtoend.txt</a>><br />> > > should be removed from the network. They include<br />> > privacy invading<br />> > > techniques known as Deep Packet Inspection (or<br />> > ><br />> > DPI).<<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_packet_inspection" target="_blank">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_packet_inspection</a>><br />> > Trust me to<br />> > > sneak in consumer issues;) But it is an important<br />> > aspect when<br />> > > determining through whom your traffic passes.<br />> > ><br />> > > Regards,<br />> > ><br />> > > Alex<br />> > ><br />> > ><br />> > ><br />> > ><br />> > > On Wed, Aug 13, 2008 at 5:04 PM, mwende njiraini<br />> > > <<a href="mailto:mwende.njiraini@gmail.com">mwende.njiraini@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br />> > > > In traditional telephony call termination<br />> > revenues are shared between<br />> > > > operators and are based on negotiated<br />> > interconnection rates, in a<br />> > > regulated<br />> > > > environment, rather than the size and number of<br />> > subscribers on the<br />> > > network.<br />> > > > (I stand to be corrected) Developing countries<br />> > for a long time have<br />> > > > benefited from revenues generated from this<br />> > international settlement<br />> > > > scheme. �However, these revenues are rapidly<br />> > being eroded by VoIP, which<br />> > > is<br />> > > > encouraged by 'loosely regulated' flat<br />> > rate pricing of internet<br />> > > bandwidth.<br />> > > > The issue internet interconnection is based on<br />> > the fact that<br />> > > international<br />> > > > ISPs have no incentive to enter shared-cost<br />> > peering with ISPs developing<br />> > > > countries thus forcing them to incur the full<br />> > cost of transmitting<br />> > > > international traffic. �What incentives need to<br />> > be put in place to<br />> > > encourage<br />> > > > shared-cost peering? �Content development?<br />> > > ><br />> > > ><br />> > > > There is raging debate on "network<br />> > neutrality"; with network operators<br />> > > > seeking to price network access on the basis of<br />> > utilization in a bid to<br />> > > > manage network congestion. �In the US, for<br />> > example the recent Comcast<br />> > > case<br />> > > > has resulted in the regulator, FCC, ruling that<br />> > Comcast 'discriminatory'<br />> > > > network management practices were illegal. �To<br />> > overcome the challenge of<br />> > > > network congestion several proposals have been<br />> > made including the<br />> > > > introduction of bandwidth metered services. �Vint<br />> > Cerf, Google's chief<br />> > > > internet evangelist, has proposed that ISPs<br />> > should "introduce<br />> > > transmission<br />> > > > caps allowing users to purchase access to the<br />> > Internet at a given minimum<br />> > > > data rate, which would be guaranteed even during<br />> > times of congestion."<br />> > > �Net<br />> > > > neutrality is definitely an issue we may need to<br />> > consider with reference<br />> > > to<br />> > > > the current developments in national and<br />> > international fibre optic<br />> > > > projects.<br />> > > ><br />> > > > References:<br />> > > ><br />> > > > <a href="http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-10007079-93.html" target="_blank">http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-10007079-93.html</a><br />> > > ><br />> > > > Regards<br />> > > ><br />> > > > Mwende<br />> > > ><br />> > > > Disclaimer: Comments are author's own.<br />> > > ><br />> > > > On 8/13/08, John Walubengo<br />> > <<a href="mailto:jwalu@yahoo.com">jwalu@yahoo.com</a>> wrote:<br />> > > >><br />> > > >> Plse feel free to belatedly contribute on Day<br />> > 1 or 2 themes, jst<br />> > > remember<br />> > > >> to pick the correct subject line. �Meanwhile<br />> > today we should discuss one<br />> > > of<br />> > > >> IG issues that touch squarely on the retail<br />> > cost of Internet Service in<br />> > > >> developing countries- the Internet<br />> > Interconnection Charges (IIC, in<br />> > > short)<br />> > > >><br />> > > >> This issue is fairly complex and explosive<br />> > but we could try and<br />> > > understand<br />> > > >> if we used a simplified model for Mobile<br />> > Phone Interconnection Charges<br />> > > and<br />> > > >> Relationships. �Consider mobile phone<br />> > company, X with 8million customers<br />> > > and<br />> > > >> mobile phone company, Y with 2 million<br />> > customers. � Each company is<br />> > > supposed<br />> > > >> to compensate (pay) the other for terminating<br />> > calls originating from the<br />> > > >> other. In such a relationship, the bigger<br />> > company X, can chose to<br />> > > dictate<br />> > > >> how much the smaller company, Y pays it to<br />> > terminate the 'Y' calls to<br />> > > its<br />> > > >> bigger 'X' network/customers.<br />> > > >><br />> > > >> This is losely similar to what is called<br />> > Transit relationship on the<br />> > > >> Internet. �The big internet networks (Tier 1<br />> > and 2 Internet Backbone<br />> > > >> Providers) in US/Europe get to dictate how<br />> > much the smaller networks in<br />> > > >> developing countries need to pay in order to<br />> > terminate their internet<br />> > > >> requests for email, web, dns, voip and other<br />> > services into their<br />> > > Network.<br />> > > >> Even our much celebrated TEAMS, EASsy and<br />> > other projects cannot escape<br />> > > these<br />> > > >> Transit Interconnection Costs. Ofcourse if<br />> > you do not like their<br />> > > >> Interconnection Charges you are free to take<br />> > a walk into nowhere (read:<br />> > > stay<br />> > > >> offline).<br />> > > >><br />> > > >> Another relationship does exist, the<br />> > Peer-to-Peer relationship which is<br />> > > >> equivalent to Mobile phone company Y and<br />> > company X both having equal or<br />> > > >> similar number of customers/value e.g.<br />> > 5million each. In such a<br />> > > >> relationship, the two Internet<br />> > Backbone/Service providers chose NOT to<br />> > > >> charge each other anything. Traffic between<br />> > the two is exchanged<br />> > > >> reciprically for free but below each of this<br />> > big Networks are the<br />> > > smaller<br />> > > >> networks (read African networks), that must<br />> > pay Transit Charges. Put<br />> > > >> bluntly, Africa and other developing<br />> > countries are subsidizing Internet<br />> > > >> Costs for the rich nations in the North.<br />> > > >><br />> > > >> Many studies have been carried out to get us<br />> > out of this fix such as the<br />> > > >> Halfway-propositions, the ICAIS, etc but<br />> > todate the status quo remains.<br />> > > �The<br />> > > >> standard response has remained 'If it<br />> > current interconnection models are<br />> > > >> working, why should you try and fix<br />> > them?'<br />> > > >><br />> > > >> 1 day for comments, corrections and/or<br />> > proposals on this theme.<br />> > > >><br />> > > >> walu.<br />> > > >><br />> > > >> Ref: for some of the Studies:<br />> > > >> International Charging Arrangements for<br />> > Internet Services, Module I,<br />> > > >> ICAIS, p.3<br />> > > >><br />> > <a href="http://www.tmdenton.com/pub/reports/icais_mod1_ch1.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.tmdenton.com/pub/reports/icais_mod1_ch1.pdf</a><br />> > > >><br />> > > >> The Half-Way Proposition.<br />> > > >><br />> > <a href="http://www.balancingact-africa.com/news/back/balancing-act_130.html" target="_blank">http://www.balancingact-africa.com/news/back/balancing-act_130.html</a><br />> > > >><br />> > > >><br />> > > >><br />> > > >><br />> > > >><br />> > > >><br />> > _______________________________________________<br />> > > >> kictanet mailing list<br />> > > >> <a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br />> > > >><br />> > <a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet" target="_blank">http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet</a><br />> > > >><br />> > > >> This message was sent to:<br />> > <a href="mailto:mwende.njiraini@gmail.com">mwende.njiraini@gmail.com</a><br />> > > >> Unsubscribe or change your options at<br />> > > >><br />> > ><br />> > <a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/mwende.njiraini@gmail.com" target="_blank">http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/mwende.njiraini%40gmail.com</a><br />> > > ><br />> > > ><br />> > > > _______________________________________________<br />> > > > kictanet mailing list<br />> > > > <a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br />> > > ><br />> > <a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet" target="_blank">http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet</a><br />> > > ><br />> > > > This message was sent to:<br />> > <a href="mailto:alexgakuru.lists@gmail.com">alexgakuru.lists@gmail.com</a><br />> > > > Unsubscribe or change your options at<br />> > > ><br />> > ><br />> > <a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/alexgakuru.lists@gmail.com" target="_blank">http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/alexgakuru.lists%40gmail.com</a><br />> > > ><br />> > > ><br />> > ><br />> > > _______________________________________________<br />> > > kictanet mailing list<br />> > > <a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br />> > > <a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet" target="_blank">http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet</a><br />> > ><br />> > > This message was sent to: <a href="mailto:blongwe@gmail.com">blongwe@gmail.com</a><br />> > > Unsubscribe or change your options at<br />> > ><br />> > <a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/blongwe@gmail.com" target="_blank">http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/blongwe%40gmail.com</a><br />> > ><br />> ><br />> ><br />> ><br />> > --<br />> > Brian Munyao Longwe<br />> > e-mail: <a href="mailto:blongwe@gmail.com">blongwe@gmail.com</a><br />> > cell: + 254 722 518 744<br />> > blog : <a href="http://zinjlog.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">http://zinjlog.blogspot.com</a><br />> > meta-blog: <a href="http://mashilingi.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">http://mashilingi.blogspot.com</a><br />> > _______________________________________________<br />> > kictanet mailing list<br />> > <a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br />> > <a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet" target="_blank">http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet</a><br />> ><br />> > This message was sent to: <a href="mailto:alex.gakuru@yahoo.com">alex.gakuru@yahoo.com</a><br />> > Unsubscribe or change your options at<br />> > <a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/alex.gakuru@yahoo.com" target="_blank">http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/alex.gakuru%40yahoo.com</a><br />><br />><br />><br />><br />> _______________________________________________<br />> kictanet mailing list<br />> <a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br />> <a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet" target="_blank">http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet</a><br />><br />> This message was sent to: <a href="mailto:emailsignet@mailcan.com">emailsignet@mailcan.com</a><br />> Unsubscribe or change your options at<br />> <a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/emailsignet@mailcan.com" target="_blank">http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/emailsignet%40mailcan.com</a><br />People make a plan work, a plan alone seldom makes people work (Confucius).<br /><br /><br />_______________________________________________<br />kictanet mailing list<br /><a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br /><a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet" target="_blank">http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet</a><br /><br />This message was sent to: <a href="mailto:jmugambi@gmail.com">jmugambi@gmail.com</a><br />Unsubscribe or change your options at <a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/jmugambi@gmail.com" target="_blank">http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/jmugambi%40gmail.com</a><br /></blockquote></div><br /><br clear="all" /><br />-- <br />Josiah Mugambi<br />+254 738 504418<br /><br />Blog: <a href="http://blog.josiahmugambi.com/">http://blog.josiahmugambi.com</a><br /><br />Do you Zunguka?<br />Sign up for FREE on Zunguka.com and enjoy cheap SMS, mobile phone backup, mobile entertainment content, mobile video and other exciting services.<br /><br /></div></blockquote>
<pre>People make a plan work, a plan alone seldom makes people work (Confucius).
</pre>
</body>
</html>