<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-add-space: auto"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%"><font face="Calibri">Brian, you have pointed out issues that we need to consider at a national level with the increased use of the internet;</font></span></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%"><font face="Calibri">What are the stakeholders initiatives are there in the area of promoting cyber-security and trust? <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>For example is the Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT-KENYA: <a href="http://www.csirt.or.ke/">http://www.csirt.or.ke/</a>) active? <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Do the provisions of the Draft ICT bill 2008 (Part IV – Electronic Transactions and Cybercrime) adequately address your concerns?</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%"><font face="Calibri">Regards </font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%"><font face="Calibri">Mwende </font></span></p></span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%"><font face="Calibri">Disclaimer: These comments are the author's own.</font></span></p><br><br>
<div><span class="gmail_quote">On 8/11/08, <b class="gmail_sendername">Brian Munyao Longwe</b> <<a onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)" href="mailto:brian@caret.net" target="_blank">brian@caret.net</a>> wrote:</span>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid">Good intro Walu. I will add a few points:<br><br>Besides the concern that other governments had/have over USA's<br>
control over the numbering and naming mechanisms of the Internet,<br>there are also a number of themes that have arisen within the<br>Internet Governance debate that have prompted many countries to start<br>seriously considering measures that relate to governance of the<br>
Internet within as well as without their borders. Some of these follow:<br>1) Cyber-Crime: Due to the vast nature of the network, the Internet<br>can be used as a medium for electronic crime or computer assisted<br>crime/fraud without the perpetrator ever physically stepping into the<br>
"victim" countries territory. Investigations have shown that in many<br>cases, multiple computer and network systems in multiple<br>jurisdictions have been compromised and used as part of elaborate<br>schemes that either target a particular system or series of systems.<br>
a good example here is the Nigeria "419" scams which in the recent<br>past seem to be originating more from the USA/Europe than from<br>Nigeria itself.<br>2) Cyber-Warfare: also known as "information warfare" it is defined<br>
in Wikipedia as "... the use and management of information in pursuit<br>of a competitive advantage over an opponent. Information warfare may<br>involve collection of tactical information, assurance that one's own<br>
information is valid, spreading of propaganda or disinformation to<br>demoralize the enemy and the public, undermining the quality of<br>opposing force information and denial of information collection<br>opportunities to opposing forces." - the Internet plays a key role in<br>
many country's cyber-warfare strategies. An excerpt from a USA<br>department of Defense report says this about China's Peoples<br>Liberation Army "The PLA is investing in electronic countermeasures,<br>defenses against electronic attack (e.g., electronic and infrared<br>
decoys, angle reflectors, and false target generators), and computer<br>network operations (CNO). China's CNO concepts include computer<br>network attack, computer network defense, and computer network<br>exploitation. The PLA sees CNO as critical to achieving<br>
"electromagnetic dominance" early in a conflict. "<br>3) Child Pornography: Among other evils that plague the Internet,<br>this is probably the most disturbing. Law enforcement agencies across<br>the globe have been stretched beyond their limits in trying to catch<br>
and shut down producers and propagators of these illicit materials.<br>Once again, the vastly international nature of these networks makes<br>it very hard to deal with cross-jurisdictional issues, laws on<br>evidence, privacy and the like. While there have been cases where<br>
multi-national networks have been busted and entire child-porn rings<br>dismantled, there is still great concern in this area<br>4) Spam: it has been reported that unsolicited commercial email and<br>more recently malicious, meaningless email garbage constitutes almost<br>
80% of all email transmitted over the internet. This carries<br>incredible implications especially for the end users who pay a high<br>price for their connectivity. Once again, a largely multi-national<br>phenomenon - spam is clearly an issue that will need many countries,<br>
network, techies etc to sit together and figure out a way of dealing.<br><br>I could keep going on but will rest my case here - hope that the<br>discussions find time to discuss/shed light on some of the above<br>areas....<br>
<br>Regards,<br><br>Brian<br><br>On Aug 11, 2008, at 9:56 AM, John Walubengo wrote:<br>> Greetings all,<br>><br>> Today we just want to get upto speed with the genesis and rationale<br>> for Internet Governance. Internet Governance issues arose from the<br>
> increasing use of the Internet during the mid and late 1990s.<br>> Most countries were surprised at the increasing role the internet<br>> was having on their Socio-economic as well as Political landscape.<br>> They then realised that lacked the oversight power the US<br>
> government unilatery enjoyed over the development and use of the<br>> Internet resources.<br>><br>> Indeed one of the Key questions then as it is now, was why should<br>> one Government influence the direction of a global resource without<br>
> reference to other governments? The way the Internet was governed<br>> was definitely not commensurate with its global reach or nature. A<br>> lot of lobbying and pressure particularly from Latin America, Asia<br>
> Pacific and ITU started agitating for a change in the oversight<br>> role the US government had and continues to have over the<br>> Internet. The anti-change proponents however maintained that the<br>> current governance structure through the US Dept of Commerce and<br>
> ICANN is what has given the Internet this phenomenal growth – hence<br>> the famous cliché – "If it ain't broken, why try to fix it?"<br>><br>> The World Summit on Information Society (WSIS) process was<br>
> commissioned by UN in the late 1990s to look into this and other<br>> emerging issues of the Internet such as the legal, economic and<br>> social-cultural dimensions of the Internet. The WSIS process<br>> concluded in Tunis, 2005, give no definite rulings on these issues<br>
> but recommended instead the creation of a multi-stakeholder forum,<br>> the IGF – the Internet Governance Forum which continues to study<br>> and deliberate on these issues to date. WSIS also supplied the<br>> working definition for Internet Governance as:- the development and<br>
> application by Stakeholders of the rules, norms, procedures and<br>> practices that influence the evolution and use of the Internet.<br>><br>> The Stakeholders (States, Civil Society, Academia, Media,<br>> Businesses, etc) are all actively involved in the Internet<br>
> Governance Forum with the sole objective of ensuring that their<br>> interests are catered for as the Internet continues to evolve. The<br>> IGF has so far held two summits, Greece, and Brazil with a 3rd due<br>
> at the end of this year in India. The stakeholders propose<br>> positions on the emerging and contentious issues that are used to<br>> somewhat inform the direction the Internet takes. However, most of<br>> Africa continues to sleep as Nations and other stakeholders<br>
> scramble to claim a stake and positions on what is becoming the<br>> most important battle of the 21st Century – the battle for the<br>> Information Superhighway.<br>><br>> Those with experiences, comments, clarifications, observations or<br>
> objections have 1day to say something on today's Introductory theme.<br>><br>> walu.<br>><br>><br>><br>><br>><br>><br>> _______________________________________________<br>> kictanet mailing list<br>
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