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<body class='hmmessage'>Dear Marcel<br>
<br>
It is not KICTANET that is being called to respond to their governance
structures and certain issues of transparency ...it is KIF. You claim
to be the voice if ICT private sector and many have never heard of you.
You have been requested by interested Kenyan's not KICTAnet to respond
to issues that touch on membership and conflict of interest instead you
get defensive. Very Kenyan politician kind of reaction...but then again
you are not Kenyan and that is another issue altogether is it not.<br><br>regards<br>wambui<br><br><br><hr id="EC_stopSpelling">Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2008 22:44:45 +0300<br>From: marcelcwerner@gmail.com<br>Subject: Re: [kictanet] Legislation and Regulation for e-Commerce in Kenya<br>CC: kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke<br>To: wambui@live.co.uk<br><br>
<p class="EC_Default">Hello Kictanet membership,</p>
<p class="EC_Default">The Kenya ICT Federation (KIF) is a reputable organization,
duly registered and maintaining a proper governance system with a registered,
paid-up membership base consisting of equally reputable ICT associations and
companies.</p>
<p class="EC_Default">KIF has done a number of useful things over the period of its
existence (see Kevit's posting, earlier this week).</p>
<p class="EC_Default">Recent postings on the Kictanet list appear to discredit our
own organization KIF and its members with insinuations and slander. This is unacceptable.</p><p class="EC_Default">The Kictanet web-site shows KIF as a member of Kictanet (nr
8). We do not wish to be associated with an organization that lends itself to
unhelpful campaigns by individuals, campaigns that can go on with impunity. There
is no need at all to damage our and other's initiatives that are being
implemented in the public interest (see again Kevit's posting) by informal
networks with doubtful legitimacy. Please note that KIF has never signed any
membership instrument with Kictanet, neither have we been charged nor have we
paid for any membership fees. (page 9 of the Kenya ICT Action Network
Competence Status Survey Assessment Report (posted on <a href="http://www.kictanet.or.ke/" target="_blank">http://www.kictanet.or.ke/</a>) highlights
the membership problems of Kictanet. Personally I had highlighted this membership
problem already a year ago in the interview that Kictanet held with us some
time mid 2007 in the evaluation study of its role and performance � I have to
conclude today that membership management has never been addressed at Kictanet).
We instruct Kictanet to remove KIF from its list of its appointed "Members".</p>
<p class="EC_Default">We look forward to be part of a Kictanet that has a legitimate
constituency because there is need for a place of dialogue between civil society
and private sector. Kictanet is not playing such a role today at all and creates
a space for civil society to alienate itself from the private sector. Kictanet
needs to clean up its house.</p>
<p class="EC_Default">We need serious dialogue, between all sectors in society, and
we need to reach out internationally. We don't have time for any nonsense.</p>
<p class="EC_Default">Best regards, Marcel Werner, chairman of KIF :)<br></p>
<br><div class="EC_gmail_quote">2008/7/11 kevit desai <<a href="mailto:kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com">kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com</a>>:<br><blockquote class="EC_gmail_quote" style="padding-left: 1ex;">
<div class="EC_Ih2E3d">Alex,<br>
Kenya ICT Federation is a serious and well established organization,<br>
supported by its members who are also reputable and well established<br>
organizations.<br>
I confirm Centurion systems does not receive any money from KIF. Please<br>
verify the Business advocacy funds contributions and conditions since your<br>
information is false.<br>
<br>
It is not right to publish insinuations affecting KIF and its membership on<br>
a forum like Kictanet. Especially, since I have extended an invitation to<br>
meet so that I can give further explanations. I am waiting to gauge the<br>
interest in this invitation.<br>
<br>
For now I close my participation.<br>
<br>
Kevit Desai<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
-----Original Message-----<br>
From: Gakuru , Alex [mailto:<a href="mailto:alexgakuru.lists@gmail.com">alexgakuru.lists@gmail.com</a>]<br>
Sent: 11 July 2008 17:24<br>
</div><div><div></div><div class="EC_Wj3C7c">To: kevit desai<br>
Cc: kictanet-lists<br>
Subject: Re: [kictanet] Legislation and Regulation for e-Commerce in Kenya<br>
<br>
Kevit;<br>
<br>
KIF recently received Kshs 3.5 grant million from a certain business fund.<br>
I am curious centurion system hosts them under their CSR?<br>
<br>
Public forum to explain all dealings openly and transparently?.<br>
<br>
regards,<br>
<br>
On 7/11/08, kevit desai <<a href="mailto:kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com">kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com</a>> wrote:<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Dear Sylvester,<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Thank you for all the interest shown. Some of you would like further<br>
> information on the following activities:<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Historical & present- Impact<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> - Ministerial stakeholder forum (regular sectoral discussions<br>
> private sector - Government, with KEPSA)<br>
><br>
> - Power up with ICT nation - wide awareness campaigns (2004,<br>
2005,<br>
> 2006)<br>
><br>
> - E-Government - municipal councils<br>
><br>
> - Open source software community<br>
><br>
> - E-commerce legislation<br>
><br>
> - Engineering student exhibition - 1997 - 2008<br>
><br>
> - ICT Bills (2006 - 2008)<br>
><br>
> - Creation of INFOCOM Ministry (2003)<br>
><br>
> - National ICT Policy formulation (2004 - 2006)<br>
><br>
> - Tax reforms 2006, 2007, 2008<br>
><br>
> - National innovation system<br>
><br>
> - University Education Reforms Task Force (2006 - current)<br>
><br>
> - PSDS<br>
><br>
> - Africon 2009<br>
><br>
> - Public panels with Kenya ICT Board<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Associations:<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> - KEPSA<br>
><br>
> - KIF<br>
><br>
> - IEEE<br>
><br>
> - Kenya software industry association<br>
><br>
><br>
> Please confirm your interest in a meeting. This will allow me to gauge<br>
level<br>
> of participation so as to plan the venue and also mobilize the relevant<br>
> leaders. If you are not on board, it would be great to have you on board.<br>
We<br>
> need your support<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Kevit Desai<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Director of Engineering - Centurion Systems<br>
><br>
> Chairperson IEEE - Kenya Section<br>
><br>
> Chairman - Engineering students exhibition<br>
><br>
> Governor - KEPSA<br>
><br>
> Director - KEPSA<br>
><br>
> Director - Innovation Africa<br>
><br>
> Director- Kenya ICT Board<br>
><br>
> Vice Chairman - Kenya ICT Federation<br>
><br>
> BOA - AIESEC<br>
><br>
> Member - National Strategy for University Education<br>
><br>
> Co-ordinator - Growing Sustainable Business(GSB)-UNDP Kenya<br>
><br>
> General Co-Chair - Africon 2009<br>
><br>
> 2nd Fl, New Rehema Hse, Raphta Rd, Westlands -Nairobi<br>
><br>
> P.O. BOX 66031 - 00800 Nrb.<br>
><br>
> Tel:+254 20 4440102/3 Fax: +254 20 4440104 CDMA: 020 2049750<br>
><br>
> Mobile: +254 722 517067<br>
><br>
> <a href="http://www.centurionsystemsltd.com" target="_blank">http://www.centurionsystemsltd.com</a><br>
><br>
> <a href="http://www.ieee.org" target="_blank">http://www.ieee.org</a><br>
><br>
> <a href="http://www.engineeringexhibition.co.ke" target="_blank">http://www.engineeringexhibition.co.ke</a><br>
><br>
> <a href="http://www.innovation-africa.net" target="_blank">http://www.innovation-africa.net</a><br>
><br>
> <a href="http://www.kepsa.or.ke" target="_blank">http://www.kepsa.or.ke</a><br>
><br>
> <a href="http://www.powerup.co.ke" target="_blank">http://www.powerup.co.ke</a><br>
><br>
> <a href="http://www.aiesec.org" target="_blank">http://www.aiesec.org</a><br>
><br>
> <a href="http://www.africon2007.co.za" target="_blank">http://www.africon2007.co.za</a><br>
><br>
> <a href="http://www.kif.or.ke" target="_blank">http://www.kif.or.ke</a><br>
><br>
> <a href="http://www.ict.go.ke" target="_blank">www.ict.go.ke</a><br>
><br>
> <a href="http://www.globalcompact.org" target="_blank">http://www.globalcompact.org</a><br>
><br>
> <a href="http://www.undp.org/business/gsb" target="_blank">http://www.undp.org/business/gsb</a><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> ________________________________<br>
><br>
><br>
> From:<br>
> kictanet-bounces+kevit=<a href="http://centurionsystemsltd.com" target="_blank">centurionsystemsltd.com</a>@<a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br>
><br>
[mailto:<a href="mailto:kictanet-bounces%2Bkevit">kictanet-bounces+kevit</a>=<a href="http://centurionsystemsltd.com" target="_blank">centurionsystemsltd.com</a>@<a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>]<br>
> On Behalf Of Brian Longwe<br>
> Sent: 10 July 2008 18:57<br>
> To: <a href="mailto:kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com">kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com</a><br>
><br>
> Cc: kictanet-lists<br>
> Subject: Re: [kictanet] Legislation and Regulation for e-Commerce in<br>
Kenya<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Hi Sylvester,<br>
><br>
> Thank you so very much for highlighting yet another way in which KICTANET<br>
> is beneficial to the communicat at large. through KICTANET we all learn so<br>
> many good things that are happening in/around - and can then make our own<br>
> decisions as to whether to follow up/engage.<br>
><br>
> Regards,<br>
><br>
> Brian<br>
><br>
><br>
> On Thu, Jul 10, 2008 at 10:17 AM, Sylvester Kisonzo<br>
> <<a href="mailto:skisonzo@securenet.co.ke">skisonzo@securenet.co.ke</a>> wrote:<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> And where can I read (or get information) about all these new names to me?<br>
> KEPSA, KIF, etc? Until recently when I joined this group, I had never<br>
heard<br>
> of them. So I wonder how all the 'stakeholders' have all along been<br>
> involved.<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> SK<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> From:<br>
> kictanet-bounces+skisonzo=<a href="http://gmail.com" target="_blank">gmail.com</a>@<a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br>
> [mailto:<a href="mailto:kictanet-bounces%2Bskisonzo">kictanet-bounces+skisonzo</a>=<a href="http://gmail.com" target="_blank">gmail.com</a>@<a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>]<br>
> On Behalf Of Joseph Manthi<br>
> Sent: 09 July 2008 20:47<br>
> To: <a href="mailto:skisonzo@gmail.com">skisonzo@gmail.com</a><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Cc: kictanet-lists<br>
> Subject: Re: [kictanet] Legislation and Regulation for e-Commerce in<br>
Kenya<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Waudo:<br>
> I would like to pose a simple question:<br>
><br>
> Why are these associations needed?<br>
><br>
> Joe<br>
><br>
><br>
> On Wed, Jul 9, 2008 at 1:22 PM, waudo siganga <<a href="mailto:emailsignet@mailcan.com">emailsignet@mailcan.com</a>><br>
> wrote:<br>
><br>
> Brian - DFID set up KEPSA in 2001 to unite the private sector voice. The<br>
> idea was to bring together EXISTING associations. Someone got early wind<br>
> that ICT was one of the identified sectors and decided to register a NEW<br>
> association ostensibly as an umbrella body. The real umbrella body was<br>
> actually supposed to be KEPSA, under its ICT Board. Period. Why did<br>
> someone find a pressing need to form a NEW association???<br>
><br>
> Anyway right now that is history and KEPSA ICT Board is on the right<br>
> track with all associations on board. We have to struggle to make sure<br>
> it stays that way. I do not understand why you seem to be insisting on<br>
> someone visiting KIF. What is the value addition? What can one discover<br>
> there??? Some say there are personal companies underneath and KIF is the<br>
> front but I do not wish to walk in that mud. My interest is KEPSA ICT<br>
> Board not being equated with KIF.<br>
> Waudo<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> On Wed, 9 Jul 2008 19:31:54 +0300, "Brian Munyao Longwe"<br>
> <<a href="mailto:blongwe@gmail.com">blongwe@gmail.com</a>> said:<br>
> > Actually if my memory serves me right. KIF is KEPSAs "child" i.e when<br>
> > KEPSA decided to have sector clusters KIF was established *by* KEpsa<br>
> > to act as the umbrella for ICT private sector.<br>
> ><br>
> > But I stand to be corrected if I'm getting my facts wrong. But if I am<br>
> > right then it *is* important for any critics to understand the inner<br>
> > workings by visiting.<br>
> ><br>
> > I am urging action instead of just talk.<br>
> ><br>
> > Brian<br>
> ><br>
> > Sent from my iPhone<br>
> ><br>
> > On 09 Jul 2008, at 6:39 PM, "waudo siganga" <<a href="mailto:emailsignet@mailcan.com">emailsignet@mailcan.com</a>><br>
> > wrote:<br>
> ><br>
> > > Hi Brian - I do not think that the issue is an interest in the<br>
> > > internal<br>
> > > operations of KIF. We are talking governance in the context of KEPSA/<br>
> > > KIF<br>
> > > relationship, something also of interest to the consumer community.<br>
> > > For<br>
> > > your information last year all stakeholders held a meeting in KEPSA<br>
> > > and<br>
> > > decided to open membership to all interested Private Sector<br>
> > > associations. This was after it was observed that the hitherto<br>
> > > stranglehold on KEPSA by KIF meant that the sector was not adequately<br>
> > > represented. Some people may have felt unhappy or even insecure with<br>
> > > this development. The problem is that my friend Kevit, being the<br>
KEPSA<br>
> > > ICT director uses his position to constantly market KIF as if it is a<br>
> > > favoured player in KEPSA (e.g. "I would like to confirm that the<br>
> > > KEPSA/KIF relationship is vibrant." - as if implying the other<br>
> > > associations are dead) He is often busy promoting "KIF Positions"<br>
> > > instead of "KEPSA Positions" including using KIF letterheads at the<br>
> > > MSFs. I have misgivings about the current ICT leadership in KEPSA<br>
> > > but I<br>
> > > am hopeful things will change.<br>
> > ><br>
> > > Waudo<br>
> > ><br>
> > > On Wed, 9 Jul 2008 16:54:41 +0300, "Brian Munyao Longwe"<br>
> > > <<a href="mailto:blongwe@gmail.com">blongwe@gmail.com</a>> said:<br>
> > >> Hi Alex,<br>
> > >><br>
> > >> I would find it hard to imagine how much more Kevit can explain to<br>
> > >> you<br>
> > >> about KIF.<br>
> > >><br>
> > >> I would like to suggest that Kevit extend an invitation to you (and<br>
> > >> anyone else who might be interested/concerned) to attend the next<br>
KIF<br>
> > >> meeting as an observer and see/feel the animal yourself.<br>
> > >><br>
> > >> Brian<br>
> > >><br>
> > >> Sent from my iPhone<br>
> > >><br>
> > >> On 09 Jul 2008, at 3:45 PM, Alex Gakuru <<a href="mailto:alex.gakuru@yahoo.com">alex.gakuru@yahoo.com</a>><br>
> > >> wrote:<br>
> > >><br>
> > >>> Kevit:<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> I am afraid you have not clarified well enough. I shall not ask you<br>
> > >>> further KEPSA questions although on your previous email you told<br>
> > >>> Waundo "As the director of KEPSA I welcome CSK and any other<br>
> > >>> association to full membership of KEPSA." Apparently this now<br>
> > >>> appears to have changed. And I doubt Waundo complained of<br>
> > >>> "exclusion" not of his private self, rather of CSK? I could be<br>
wrong<br>
> > >>> but he could clarify.<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> On Jun 23, 2008 it was announced that a "Local Software Industry<br>
> > >>> Association established" with, among others, "3.1 Objective, Market<br>
> > >>> the local software industry to venture capitalists." (see<br>
> > >>> announcement document attached) Was it registered under Societies<br>
> > >>> Act<br>
> > >>> ( Read Public interest) or as Private (non-or-for-profit) Company?<br>
I<br>
> > >>> found it strange it was formed 3 days to aour very successful and<br>
> > >>> OPEN BarCamp. Is this one also under your umbrella?<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> On the links you sent onlist:<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> <a href="http://www.innovation-africa.net" target="_blank">www.innovation-africa.net</a><br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> Domain Name: <a href="http://INNOVATION-AFRICA.NET" target="_blank">INNOVATION-AFRICA.NET</a><br>
> > >>> Registrar: TUCOWS INC.<br>
> > >>> Whois Server: <a href="http://whois.tucows.com" target="_blank">whois.tucows.com</a><br>
> > >>> Referral URL: <a href="http://domainhelp.opensrs.net" target="_blank">http://domainhelp.opensrs.net</a><br>
> > >>> Name Server: <a href="http://ULTRA103.UK2.NET" target="_blank">ULTRA103.UK2.NET</a><br>
> > >>> Name Server: <a href="http://ULTRA104.UK2.NET" target="_blank">ULTRA104.UK2.NET</a><br>
> > >>> Status: redemptionPeriod<br>
> > >>> Updated Date: 24-jun-2008<br>
> > >>> Creation Date: 14-may-2007<br>
> > >>> Expiration Date: 14-may-2008<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> I tried <a href="http://www.innovation-africa.co.ke" target="_blank">www.innovation-africa.co.ke</a> >> was re-directing to >><br>
> <a href="http://www.kif.or.ke" target="_blank">www.kif.or.ke</a><br>
> > >>> ( but today it now says "under construction") I gather Centurion<br>
> > >>> Systems offices accommodates KIF, is that correct?<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> What I am trying is to understand is who speaks in the background<br>
> > >>> when when "KIF" issues "stakeholders" statements on an issue,how<br>
> > >>> representative or public service-oriented, good governance, in<br>
> > >>> trying to understand new and old associations' motives.<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> With above information, it would clear doubts of public policy<br>
> > >>> participation illegitimacy or inappropriate public procurement<br>
> > >>> involvement(s). For the sake of our growing transparent ICTs<br>
> > >>> abundantly rewarding enterprising citizens.<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> Alex<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>> --- On Wed, 7/9/08, kevit desai<br>
> <<a href="mailto:kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com">kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com</a>><br>
> > >>> wrote:<br>
> > >>><br>
> > >>>> From: kevit desai <<a href="mailto:kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com">kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com</a>><br>
> > >>>> Subject: RE: [kictanet] Legislation and Regulation for e-Commerce<br>
> > >>>> in Kenya<br>
> > >>>> To: <a href="mailto:alex.gakuru@yahoo.com">alex.gakuru@yahoo.com</a><br>
> > >>>> Cc: "'kictanet-lists'"<br>
> <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>><br>
> > >>>> Date: Wednesday, July 9, 2008, 2:50 AM<br>
> > >>>> Hi Alex,<br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>> I'm pleased to clarify as much as I can.<br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>> Kepsa has an open membership of PRIVATE sector industry and<br>
> > >>>> market segment<br>
> > >>>> associations in almost all economic sectors. Independence:<br>
> > >>>> KEPSA decisions<br>
> > >>>> are dependent on members wishes, and members are drawn from<br>
> > >>>> the private<br>
> > >>>> sector. In fact, NGO's are not approached for<br>
> > >>>> membership in KEPSA, neither<br>
> > >>>> are government bodies including parastatals. KIF follows<br>
> > >>>> the same approach<br>
> > >>>> for membership and decision-making. No NGO's and<br>
> > >>>> government agencies are<br>
> > >>>> member ofn KIF. However, KEPSA and KIF consult on a REGULAR<br>
> > >>>> BASIS with all<br>
> > >>>> those stakeholders. Having said that, KEPSA and KIF have no<br>
> > >>>> obligation to<br>
> > >>>> offer service to non members.<br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>> Hopefully this helps to clarify. Do get in touch with Sam<br>
> > >>>> Mwaura of KEPSA or<br>
> > >>>> Marcel Werner of KIF.<br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>> Kevit<br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>> -----Original Message-----<br>
> > >>>> From: Alex Gakuru [mailto:<a href="mailto:alex.gakuru@yahoo.com">alex.gakuru@yahoo.com</a>]<br>
> > >>>> Sent: 09 July 2008 04:45<br>
> > >>>> To: kevit desai<br>
> > >>>> Cc: kictanet-lists<br>
> > >>>> Subject: Re: [kictanet] Legislation and Regulation for<br>
> > >>>> e-Commerce in Kenya<br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>> Kevit,<br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>> How does KEPSA and KIF governance relate ensuring decisions<br>
> > >>>> independence?<br>
> > >>>> The political issue here may be monopolization to the<br>
> > >>>> extent of clouding out<br>
> > >>>> other actors thereby generating conflict. The Motive Theory<br>
> > >>>> steps in.<br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>> We investigate the effects of competition on subjects'<br>
> > >>>> attitude towards<br>
> > >>>> cooperation. Three groups face three economic environments<br>
> > >>>> with different<br>
> > >>>> degrees of competition, from a benchmark case with no<br>
> > >>>> competition at all up<br>
> > >>>> to a perfect competition case. Subjects contribute<br>
> > >>>> generously to a public<br>
> > >>>> project in the absence of competition, whereas they<br>
> > >>>> contribute very little<br>
> > >>>> in the presence of a maximum degree of competition. A<br>
> > >>>> diminishing attitude<br>
> > >>>> towards cooperation clearly emerges as the degree of<br>
> > >>>> competition increases.<br>
> > >>>> Therefore, if cooperation does enhance well-being, the<br>
> > >>>> maximum degree of<br>
> > >>>> competition may be not efficient.<br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>><br>
><br>
<<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6W5H-4N0GDV1-1/2/fb32f4c6e9ba" target="_blank">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6W5H-4N0GDV1-1/2/fb32f4c6e9ba</a><br>
> > >>>> 6a6f51d7da9d40d806eb><br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>> react.<br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>> --- On Tue, 7/8/08, kevit desai<br>
> > >>>> <<a href="mailto:kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com">kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com</a>> wrote:<br>
> > >>>><br>
> > >>>>> From: kevit desai<br>
> > >>>> <<a href="mailto:kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com">kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com</a>><br>
> > >>>>> Subject: Re: [kictanet] Legislation and Regulation for<br>
> > >>>> e-Commerce in Kenya<br>
> > >>>>> To: <a href="mailto:alex.gakuru@yahoo.com">alex.gakuru@yahoo.com</a><br>
> > >>>>> Cc: <a href="mailto:secretariat@kif.or.ke">secretariat@kif.or.ke</a>, "'KICTAnet ICT<br>
> > >>>> Policy Discussions'"<br>
> > >>>> <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>><br>
> > >>>>> Date: Tuesday, July 8, 2008, 1:14 PM<br>
> > >>>>> Hi Waudo,<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> As the director of KEPSA I welcome CSK and any other<br>
> > >>>>> association to full<br>
> > >>>>> membership of KEPSA. We look forward to a meaningful<br>
> > >>>>> partnership.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Kevit Desai<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> _____<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> From: waudo siganga<br>
> [mailto:<a href="mailto:emailsignet@mailcan.com">emailsignet@mailcan.com</a>]<br>
> > >>>>> Sent: 08 July 2008 13:55<br>
> > >>>>> To: Kevit Desai<br>
> > >>>>> Cc: <a href="mailto:secretariat@kif.or.ke">secretariat@kif.or.ke</a>; 'KICTAnet ICT Policy<br>
> > >>>>> Discussions'<br>
> > >>>>> Subject: Re: [kictanet] Legislation and Regulation for<br>
> > >>>>> e-Commerce in Kenya<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Hello Kevit - I think one needs to be careful when<br>
> > >>>> handling<br>
> > >>>>> KEPSA and KIF at<br>
> > >>>>> the same time. Do not use your foothold in KEPSA to<br>
> > >>>> promote<br>
> > >>>>> KIF at the<br>
> > >>>>> expense of other associations. The explanation is very<br>
> > >>>>> simple: KEPSA was<br>
> > >>>>> formed as a focal point, a bringing together<br>
> > >>>> characterised<br>
> > >>>>> by INCLUSIVITY.<br>
> > >>>>> KIF on the other hand is an independent association<br>
> > >>>> and the<br>
> > >>>>> nature of such<br>
> > >>>>> an association is EXCLUSIVITY (through membership<br>
> > >>>>> mechanism). I would like<br>
> > >>>>> to see the promotion of more associations on the KEPSA<br>
> > >>>> ICT<br>
> > >>>>> Board, not just<br>
> > >>>>> KIF. Please give us space.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Waudo<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> On Tue, 8 Jul 2008 11:07:07 +0300, "Kevit<br>
> > >>>> Desai"<br>
> > >>>>> <<a href="mailto:kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com">kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com</a>> said:<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Hi Alex,<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> KEPSA (<a href="mailto:info@kepsa.or.ke">info@kepsa.or.ke</a>): private sector policy body<br>
> > >>>> with<br>
> > >>>>> its own governance<br>
> > >>>>> structure. Elected as a director in private capacity<br>
> > >>>> and as<br>
> > >>>>> KIF vice<br>
> > >>>>> chairman.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> KIF (<a href="mailto:secretariat@kif.or.ke">secretariat@kif.or.ke</a>): membership-based industry<br>
> > >>>>> association, member<br>
> > >>>>> of KEPSA's ICT section. Elected as vice-chairman.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Centurion Systems Ltd: (<a href="http://www.centurionsystemsltd.com" target="_blank">www.centurionsystemsltd.com</a>)<br>
> > >>>>> private company,<br>
> > >>>>> director, member of KIF.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Director of Engineering - Centurion Systems Ltd<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Chairperson IEEE - Kenya Section<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Chairperson - Engineering Students Exhibition<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Governor - KEPSA<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Director - KEPSA<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Director - Innovation Africa<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Director- Kenya ICT Board<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Vice Chairman - Kenya ICT Federation<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> BOA - AIESEC<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Member - National Strategy for University Education<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Co-ordinator - Growing Sustainable Business(GSB)-UNDP<br>
> > >>>> Kenya<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> General Co-Chair - Africon 2009<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> 2nd Fl, New Rehema Hse,<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Raphta Rd<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> , Westlands -Nairobi<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> P.O. BOX 66031 - 00800 Nrb.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Tel:+254 20 4440102/3 Fax: +254 20 4440104 CDMA: 020<br>
> > >>>>> 2049750<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Mobile: +254 722 517067<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> <a href="http://www.centurionsystemsltd.com" target="_blank">http://www.centurionsystemsltd.com</a><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> <a href="http://www.ieee.org" target="_blank">http://www.ieee.org</a><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> <a href="http://www.engineeringexhibition.co.ke" target="_blank">http://www.engineeringexhibition.co.ke</a><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> <a href="http://www.innovation-africa.net" target="_blank">http://www.innovation-africa.net</a><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> <a href="http://www.kepsa.or.ke" target="_blank">http://www.kepsa.or.ke</a><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> <a href="http://www.powerup.co.ke" target="_blank">http://www.powerup.co.ke</a><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> <a href="http://www.aiesec.org" target="_blank">http://www.aiesec.org</a><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> <a href="http://www.africon2007.co.za" target="_blank">http://www.africon2007.co.za</a><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> <a href="http://www.kif.or.ke" target="_blank">http://www.kif.or.ke</a><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> htpp://<a href="http://www.ict.go.ke" target="_blank">www.ict.go.ke</a><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> <a href="http://www.globalcompact.org" target="_blank">http://www.globalcompact.org</a><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> <a href="http://www.undp.org/business/gsb" target="_blank">http://www.undp.org/business/gsb</a><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> -----Original Message-----<br>
> > >>>>> From: waudo siganga<br>
> [mailto:<a href="mailto:emailsignet@mailcan.com">emailsignet@mailcan.com</a>]<br>
> > >>>>> Sent: Monday, July 07, 2008 9:40 PM<br>
> > >>>>> To: kevit desai<br>
> > >>>>> Cc: <a href="mailto:secretariat@kif.or.ke">secretariat@kif.or.ke</a>; 'KICTAnet ICT Policy<br>
> > >>>>> Discussions'<br>
> > >>>>> Subject: RE: [kictanet] Legislation and Regulation for<br>
> > >>>>> e-Commerce in Kenya<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Hello Kevit - Since you sent this message to KICTANET<br>
> > >>>> I can<br>
> > >>>>> answer it on<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> the same forum. I think the picture being painted<br>
> > >>>> about a<br>
> > >>>>> rosy situation<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> including "collaboration" is simply not<br>
> > >>>> true. The<br>
> > >>>>> reason to be frank is<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> that there a few in your KIF who do not want any other<br>
> > >>>>> association to<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> have a voice in KEPSA or to interact with Government.<br>
> > >>>> Could<br>
> > >>>>> you as a<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> KEPSA director ensure that all interested associations<br>
> > >>>>> including the<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> major ones not in KIF are allowed room to contribute<br>
> > >>>> in<br>
> > >>>>> KEPSA? It can be<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> sad if you mis-use your position in KEPSA only to<br>
> > >>>> promote<br>
> > >>>>> KIF and crack<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> down on those you feel are in the way.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> Waudo<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> On Mon, 7 Jul 2008 21:02:31 +0300, "kevit<br>
> > >>>> desai"<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>> <<a href="mailto:kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com">kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com</a>> said:<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> Hi Walu,<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> Associations are welcome to be members of KEPSA.<br>
> > >>>> I<br>
> > >>>>> would like to confirm<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> that the KEPSA/KIF relationship is vibrant. We<br>
> > >>>> would<br>
> > >>>>> like to do a lot<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> more<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> and welcome more support.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> We appreciate Waudo's contributions at our<br>
> > >>>> last<br>
> > >>>>> ministerial stakeholder<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> forum.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> Collaboration is the way forward.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> Kevit Desai<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> KEPSA Director<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> -----Original Message-----<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> From:<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>><br>
> kictanet-bounces+kevit=<a href="http://centurionsystemsltd.com" target="_blank">centurionsystemsltd.com</a>@<a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>><br>
><br>
[mailto:<a href="mailto:kictanet-bounces%2Bkevit">kictanet-bounces+kevit</a>=<a href="http://centurionsystemsltd.com" target="_blank">centurionsystemsltd.com</a>@<a href="http://lists.kictanet.or.ke" target="_blank">lists.kictanet.or.ke</a><br>
> > >>>> ]<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> On Behalf Of waudo siganga<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> Sent: 07 July 2008 19:02<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> To: <a href="mailto:kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com">kevit@centurionsystemsltd.com</a><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> Cc: <a href="mailto:secretariat@kif.or.ke">secretariat@kif.or.ke</a>; KICTAnet ICT Policy<br>
> > >>>>> Discussions<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> Subject: Re: [kictanet] Legislation and<br>
> > >>>> Regulation for<br>
> > >>>>> e-Commerce in<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> Kenya<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> Hi Walu - I am catching you loud and clear on<br>
> > >>>> GPRS<br>
> > >>>>> somewhere in the<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> bush. I did bring out the issue of regulating the<br>
> > >>>> IT<br>
> > >>>>> (or ICT) Profession<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> on this list a few months ago. But the rather<br>
> > >>>>> unenthusiastic response I<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> got gave me the sense that possibly this was not<br>
> > >>>> the<br>
> > >>>>> correct list since<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> many of the subscribers appear just interested in<br>
> > >>>> ICT<br>
> > >>>>> Policy rather than<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> being actual IT Experts. Within the next two<br>
> > >>>> weeks<br>
> > >>>>> there will be another<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> list for professionals and you will be informed<br>
> > >>>> (you<br>
> > >>>>> have the<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> qualifications, don't you??). We are pushing<br>
> > >>>> for a<br>
> > >>>>> registration board<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> like thise done last yeaer for nutritionists and<br>
> > >>>>> Procurement<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> Practitioners. There is a lot of work going on<br>
> > >>>>> unheralded. All we need<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> is a champion or chanpions in the right place.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> Waudo<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> On Mon, 7 Jul 2008 02:45:53 -0700 (PDT),<br>
> > >>>> "John<br>
> > >>>>> Walubengo"<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> <<a href="mailto:jwalu@yahoo.com">jwalu@yahoo.com</a>> said:<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> Marcel,<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> It looks like quite some work has been<br>
> > >>>> ongoing in<br>
> > >>>>> this<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> area...unfortunately it seems as if it was<br>
> > >>>>> restricted within KIF only?<br>
> > >>>>> I<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> wonder if Computer Society of Kenya (CSK,<br>
> > >>>> Waudo r<br>
> > >>>>> u there?) or<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> Information Security Audit & Control<br>
> > >>>>> (ISACA-Kenya Chapter) just to<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> mention some of the big IT Associations in<br>
> > >>>> Kenya<br>
> > >>>>> were involved. I beg to<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> be enlightened.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> This brings in an old question - who really<br>
> > >>>>> represents the IT Profession<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> in Kenya? Shem has been on record as saying<br>
> > >>>> that<br>
> > >>>>> IT is the only<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> discipline where we seem to lack bodies with<br>
> > >>>> the<br>
> > >>>>> same authority as LSK<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> (Law Society of Kenya), IEK (Institute of<br>
> > >>>>> Engineers of Kenya), Medical<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> Practictioners Board amongst others to<br>
> > >>>> regulate<br>
> > >>>>> the IT Profession.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> And by the way, KICTAnet does not fit the<br>
> > >>>> bill<br>
> > >>>>> either (and has a<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> different objective anyway). But time has<br>
> > >>>> come<br>
> > >>>>> to really start thinking<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> of regulating the IT profession, even as we<br>
> > >>>>> struggle to regulate the<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> industry...Ideally, CSK should take the lead<br>
> > >>>> on<br>
> > >>>>> this, but they have been<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> awfully quite except when they award prizes<br>
> > >>>> at<br>
> > >>>>> the end of the year<br>
> > >>>>> (Waudo<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> I know u will kill me offline but I just had<br>
> > >>>> to<br>
> > >>>>> say it!).<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> KEPSA? very reputable and effective<br>
> > >>>> particularly<br>
> > >>>>> in the Manufacturing<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> sector but on IT? am not sure they have been<br>
> > >>>> as<br>
> > >>>>> effective - particularly<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> because the link between KEPSA/KIF and the<br>
> > >>>> IT<br>
> > >>>>> industry has been 'cloudy'<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> for lack of a better word...Can for example<br>
> > >>>> CSK<br>
> > >>>>> or ISACA be part of<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> KEPSA without being part of KIF? I again<br>
> > >>>> need to<br>
> > >>>>> be enlightened.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> O.K. I agree I did digress, but just<br>
> > >>>> thinking<br>
> > >>>>> loudly and saying that as<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> we think of regulating electronic<br>
> > >>>> transactions,<br>
> > >>>>> we also need to<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> simultaneously start regulating the IT<br>
> > >>>>> profession..but maybe I am wrong.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> Particularly because regulation can and<br>
> > >>>> often<br>
> > >>>>> leads to suppression...<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> walu.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>> --- On Sun, 7/6/08, Marcel Werner<br>
> > >>>>> <<a href="mailto:marcelcwerner@gmail.com">marcelcwerner@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> From: Marcel Werner<br>
> > >>>>> <<a href="mailto:marcelcwerner@gmail.com">marcelcwerner@gmail.com</a>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> Subject: [kictanet] Legislation and<br>
> > >>>>> Regulation for e-Commerce in Kenya<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> To: <a href="mailto:jwalu@yahoo.com">jwalu@yahoo.com</a><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> Cc: <a href="mailto:secretariat@kif.or.ke">secretariat@kif.or.ke</a>,<br>
> > >>>> "KICTAnet<br>
> > >>>>> ICT Policy Discussions"<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>> <<a href="mailto:kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke">kictanet@lists.kictanet.or.ke</a>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> Date: Sunday, July 6, 2008, 6:43 PM<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> Legislation and Regulation for<br>
> > >>>> e-Commerce in<br>
> > >>>>> Kenya<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> Kenya ICT Federation (KIF) - Briefing<br>
> > >>>> Note #<br>
> > >>>>> 3 - Report -<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> Public Panel 19<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> June 2008<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> *Electronic commerce (e-commerce) will<br>
> > >>>> add<br>
> > >>>>> at least one<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> percent point growth<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> to Kenya's overall economic growth<br>
> > >>>>> within five years.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> This is contingent<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> upon the adoption of legislation that<br>
> > >>>>> supports electronic<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> transactions. *Kenya,<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> as an emerging economy and regional<br>
> > >>>> leader,<br>
> > >>>>> lags behind in<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> having a legal<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> framework for e-commerce in place. The<br>
> > >>>>> current situation is<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> an anachronism<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> hampering national development, placing<br>
> > >>>>> provincial centres<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> at a<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> disadvantage, and harming global<br>
> > >>>>> competitiveness. Both<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> external and internal<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> trade require the new framework.The<br>
> > >>>> Kenyan<br>
> > >>>>> private sector<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> strongly supports<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> e-commerce legislation, as well as<br>
> > >>>>> legislation of the<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> Information and<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> Communication Technology sector that<br>
> > >>>>> guarantees an open<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> market and promotes<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> innovation.<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>><br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> Why e-commerce law? Today, legislation<br>
> > >>>>> supporting<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> electronic transactions<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> represents the single most powerful<br>
> > >>>>> innovation opportunity<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> in the legal<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> framework of the ICT sector.<br>
> > >>>> Legislation is<br>
> > >>>>> needed to:<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> -Legalize e-commerce transactions by<br>
> > >>>>> recognizing an<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> electronic signature<br>
> > >>>>><br>
> > >>>>>>>> -Manage and control e-commerce r<br>
> > >>> <KENYA SOFTWARE INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION.doc><br>
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</div></div></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>MARCEL<br><br>please send any business mail to:<br><a href="mailto:Marcel.Werner@innovation-africa.or.ke">Marcel.Werner@innovation-africa.or.ke</a>
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