<div class="gmail_quote"><font size="4"><b>Kenya's stability in the balance</b></font><h2>The country's economy could lose hard-won ground if political tensions aren't resolved quickly.</h2><div>
By Alex Halperin<br><a href="http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune500/index.html" target="_blank">http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune500/index.html</a><br></div><p>Nairobi, Kenya (Fortune) -- After doubts over the accuracy of
presidential election results in Kenya sparked riots and disrupted
transportation, analysts say the country's economy can recover -
provided there is a swift political resolution to the crisis.</p><p>Incumbent
president Mwai Kibaki beat opposition candidate Raila Odinga in the
Dec. 27 election. However, observers have criticized abnormalities in
the vote-count process and both sides have launched accusations of
rigging. Since Kibaki returned to the State House, hundreds have died
as violent protests destroyed homes and livelihoods, while diplomats
from Africa, Europe and the United States have pushed for a resolution.</p><p>The
business community hopes to see the country go back to work and resume
its strong economic growth, five percent annually during Kibaki's
five-year tenure. But the election and ensuing violence have tarnished
Kenya's reputation as a stable haven nestled between flashpoints like
Ethiopia, Somalia and Sudan.</p><p>"Kenya has been doing well for a
nation that doesn't have much in the way of resources," says Mark
Bellamy, a former U.S. Ambassador to the country and a senior resident
fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. However,
it will be "difficult for the country to rebound" if the ruling party
rejects calls for a negotiated settlement, after widely cited problems
with the vote counting.</p><p>Razia Khan, head of Africa research for
the London-based bank Standard Chartered, says she still sees a good
future for the Kenyan economy, especially since it has become a crucial
to growth in neighbors like Uganda and Tanzania. Kenya watchers, she
says, have seized on hopeful signs like Attorney General Amos Wako
calling for an investigation of the election results. Standard
Chartered estimates Kenya's 2007 GDP growth at 6.7 percent.</p><div>Roadblocks to growth</div><p>With
slogans like "You know him," President Kibaki based his reelection bid
around continuing the country's economic growth, although many Kenyans
remain in the starkest poverty. Throughout the campaign, opposition
candidate Raila Odinga, who named his son Fidel after the Cuban
dictator, perpetually reassured the business community of his
suitability.</p><p>More than a week after the election, the biggest
obstacle to getting the economy back on track remains transportation.
Kenya's status as a regional power depends on the goods and fuel it
sends to neighboring nations. Its port at Mombasa is the largest in
East Africa. Over the last week, fuel shortages have hit provincial
Kenyan cities and Uganda as roadblocks manned by armed gangs have made
overland travel far more dangerous.</p><p>A peaceful settlement in
Nairobi won't necessarily bring an immediate end to the makeshift
roadblocks and truck drivers will remain easy targets for harassment
and beatings. Randy Fleitman, an economic official at the U.S. Embassy
in Nairobi, says even big American firms like Coca-Cola and Del Monte
are reporting problems transporting goods and workers. But low mobility
is "the killer for the small firms, the Kenyan firms."</p><p>Like many
African countries, Kenya has shown impressive growth in recent years
and, compared with its neighbors, it boasts strong infrastructure and
foreign investment. It owes much of its growth to consumer spending and
developing industries internally, an entrepreneurial advantage over
countries like Angola and Zambia where finite resources like oil and
copper are the economic drivers. Economies based on such commodities
have downsides like environmentally taxing extraction methods and are
susceptible to shifts in commodity prices. Kenya has become a leading
exporter of cut flowers to Europe. Northwest of Nairobi in the Rift
Valley, immense greenhouses and company housing line the road leading
to the popular resort of Lake Naivasha.</p><p>There are other reasons
to remain optimistic. The country is well established as the region's
manufacturing hub. A large and well-educated English-speaking
population makes Kenya a potential market for call centers, should the
IT infrastructure improve. Tourists crowd its magnificent beaches and
wildlife reserves, and so far there have not been reports of rioters
targeting tourists or damage to tourist facilities. However, a group
representing large British tour operators has suspended outbound trips
until at least Jan. 7. It's a symbolic blow to this vital sector. If
Kenya is believed to be unsafe, visitors may instead visit neighboring
Tanzania, which offers similar attractions.</p><p>Kenya also has a large multinational presence. Shell (<a href="http://money.cnn.com/quote/quote.html?symb=RDSA&source=story_quote_link" target="_blank">RDSA</a>) has 131 gas stations here. And Barclays (
<a href="http://money.cnn.com/quote/quote.html?symb=BCS&source=story_quote_link" target="_blank">BCS</a>)
is one of several international banks with a large retailing operation.
Neither company would discuss how the riots have affected their
operations. In 2006 a General Motors (<a href="http://money.cnn.com/quote/quote.html?symb=GM&source=story_quote_link" target="_blank">GM</a>, <a href="http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune500/2007/snapshots/563.html?source=story_f500_link" target="_blank">
Fortune 500</a>) venture built 1,755 Isuzu trucks and busses at a Nairobi plant. </p><p>Still
it's easy to exaggerate Kenya's wealth. A 2001 estimate put
unemployment at 40 percent and per capita annual GDP is around $1,200.
Nairobi has a modern and clean downtown, but it's only fifteen minutes
by packed minibus to the filthy slum of Kibera, where perhaps 1 million
people live. One of the largest shantytowns in Africa, many residents
have limited or no access to electricity and clean water. As a center
of opposition support, much of Kibera has gone up in flames since the
election. Many rural areas of the country don't present as squalid a
picture as the rivers of trash in Kibera but offer even less
opportunity to find work.</p><div>Keeping money in Kenya</div><p>On
Jan. 2, the first trading day after the election, the Nairobi Stock
Exchange lost about 5 percent of its total market cap to close around
$12.3 billion (less than Starbucks). But with plenty of traders sitting
home, trading was light and analysts say the drop doesn't necessarily
represent market sentiment. Trading was suspended Thursday amid fears
for employee safety. In response to the crisis, Standard & Poor's
downgraded Kenya's currency rating.</p><p>At the end of 2007, investors
here were anticipating two big deals. KenGen, the leading utility,
planned to raise $1 billion to fund increasing electric capacity. The
largest telecom, Safaricom, which is partly owned by British giant
Vodafone (<a href="http://money.cnn.com/quote/quote.html?symb=VOD&source=story_quote_link" target="_blank">VOD</a>),
expects to sell a stake in an IPO that could be the largest ever in
East Africa. Whether these deals go through should be a good measure of
investor confidence.</p><p>Fleitman of the U.S. Embassy says Kenya's
relative prosperity and status as a center for foreigners and finance
stems from its wonderful climate and the perception of political
stability. Kick out one of those assets and the country could be in for
a slide. "They need to fix this thing quickly," he says.
</p><br>-- <br>--<br>Bildad Kagai<br>MD - MediaCorp Limited<br>Nairobi Stock Exchange [NSE] - Authorised Information Vendor<br>Suite B2 Tetu Apartments StateHouse Avenue<br>P. O. Box 20311-00200<br>Tel. 254 20 272 8332
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