[kictanet] Safaricom changes to home fibre ToS
Odhiambo Washington
odhiambo at gmail.com
Thu Feb 18 13:44:57 EAT 2021
Andrew, in summary, you have just said that it's impractical (economically)
to notify clients of their usage before the FUPs are applied - and @AHK is
definitely coming back on your case for stating this :-)
PS: I am on leave from this debate. :-)
On Thu, 18 Feb 2021 at 13:30, Andrew Alston <Andrew.Alston at liquidtelecom.com>
wrote:
> Btw – in terms of sizing of the data –
>
>
>
> At 5.184 billion samples per month – if you are storing each sample as a
> 64bit float (which is common) – you are consuming 41 terabytes of data per
> month just in the sampling – excluding overhead to serialize the data and
> store it – storing for 12 months would be close to half a petabyte of
> uncompressed data unless you are doing rollup – then add redundancy x 2 –
> now you are up to 1.5 petabytes of disk space.
>
>
>
> Obviously there is compression that can be employed etc – the point is –
> this isn’t as simple as people are making out
>
>
>
> Andrew
>
>
>
>
>
> *From: *kictanet <kictanet-bounces+andrew.alston=
> liquidtelecom.com at lists.kictanet.or.ke> on behalf of Odhiambo Washington
> via kictanet <kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke>
> *Date: *Thursday, 18 February 2021 at 13:13
> *To: *Andrew Alston <Andrew.Alston at liquidtelecom.com>
> *Cc: *Odhiambo Washington <odhiambo at gmail.com>
> *Subject: *Re: [kictanet] Safaricom changes to home fibre ToS
>
> @Victor Kapiyo <vkapiyo at kictanet.or.ke> let me try and answer the
> question "How are users supposed to know they have reached or almost
> reached their limits? ISPs should provide this information to users"
>
>
>
> ISPs have (access to) systems that monitor all traffic. By monitor, I mean
> the systems are able to categorise the type of traffic and aggregate the
> bytes/MBs/GBs used. I think it is trivial for them to avail this
> information to the clients.
>
> The same way they throttle you once you hit the data cap, they can easily
> trigger an email to you when you reach N% (say 75%) of the FUPs data cap
> then you can decide on what to do.
>
>
>
> Question is - will they do it? Are they obliged to do it??
>
>
>
> The example below is a graph that one ISP has of a client's usage. I have
> access to this via a web portal. Funnily, I never know about the existence
> of this web portal for years - because I probably did not read every letter
> and word of the T&Cs for the service - like who does that? :-)
>
>
>
>
>
> On Thu, 18 Feb 2021 at 12:47, Victor Kapiyo via kictanet <
> kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke> wrote:
>
> Very interesting. How are users supposed to know they have reached or
> almost reached their limits? ISPs should provide this information to users.
>
>
>
> ISPs need to be held accountable for what they advertise e.g. a 20mbps
> connection, and be required to provide as such, and have a transparent
> mechanism for users to know what amount of data they're consuming. We might
> as well treat home fibre as we do data bundles, so that we always know
> our speed and consumption. How can a user dispute an 'unfair' FUP by an ISP
> if there's no independent way of verifying consumption?
>
>
>
> While i applaud Safcom for their transparency, which other ISPs should
> emulate, it's best practice for consumers to be provided with clear
> information of what they're purchasing at the time of contracting.
>
>
>
> As consumers, we always have the option to change providers, and have the
> freedom to contract. However, the playing field needs to be level. ISPs
> have an unfair advantage over their customers, who are the weaker party in
> these contracts.
>
>
>
> The Communications Authority should step in to protect the rights of
> consumers, and check these unfair trade practices which are being openly
> implemented by ISPs to the detriment of consumers. The silence of CA on
> this issue, is in my view is worrying.
>
>
>
> Victor
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On Thu, 18 Feb 2021, 11:54 geoffrey gitagia via kictanet, <
> kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke> wrote:
>
> I barely watch 4k coz of bandwidth requirements , but my net
> consumption is usually around 300 GB , plus my only big B/W hog is CCTV
> backup for 2 cameras.
>
>
>
> On Thu, Feb 18, 2021 at 11:49 AM Andrew Alston via kictanet <
> kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke> wrote:
>
> Unless you’re watching more than 60 hours of tv a month – you won’t have a
> problem with Netflix 4k 😊
>
>
>
> Andrew
>
>
>
>
>
> *From: *kictanet <kictanet-bounces+andrew.alston=
> liquidtelecom.com at lists.kictanet.or.ke> on behalf of tevin mwenda via
> kictanet <kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke>
> *Date: *Thursday, 18 February 2021 at 11:44
> *To: *Andrew Alston <Andrew.Alston at liquidtelecom.com>
> *Cc: *tevin mwenda <tevinmwenda at gmail.com>
> *Subject: *Re: [kictanet] Safaricom changes to home fibre ToS
>
> Thank you very much for this debate. I am learning a lot on Fair Use
> Policy. I guess no more watching Netflix in 4K High definition.
>
>
>
>
> Kind Regards
>
>
>
> Tevin Mwenda Gitonga
>
>
>
>
>
> On Thu, Feb 18, 2021 at 11:07 AM Josiah Mugambi via kictanet <
> kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke> wrote:
>
> My takeaway is that FUPs should be published as a requirement. Also don't
> torrent too much.
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On Thu, Feb 18, 2021 at 11:04 AM Barrack Otieno via kictanet <
> kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke> wrote:
>
> @Ali Hussein <ahussein at kictanet.or.ke> what if the Customer does not have
> sufficient Capacity to understand FUP, si unampea tu ajisomee na ajipange.
> By the way even fish can't come to a fisherman who doesnt have bait yet
> they are analogue ama namna gani?
>
>
>
> On Thu, Feb 18, 2021 at 10:59 AM Ali Hussein via kictanet <
> kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke> wrote:
>
> Andrew
>
>
>
> I do appreciate your very candid responses and of course, I wouldnt expect
> you to agree with my 'conspiracy theories' about data. The fact that you
> can't run away from is this:-
>
>
>
> Most ISPs run a *Bait and switch *sales operations machine. This a
> morally suspect sales tactic that lures customers in with specific claims
> about the quality or low prices on items that turn out to be unavailable in
> order to upsell them on a similar, pricier item. It is considered a form of
> retail sales fraud, though it takes place in other contexts.
>
>
>
> So, when you are selling me bandwidth, don't hide the FUP in T&Cs. Tell me
> to my face. Then I decide whether I'm ok with it or not. This is the
> biggest issue here. Not whether FUPs are done or not.
>
>
>
> Regards
>
>
>
> *Ali Hussein*
>
> Digital Transformation
>
>
>
> Tel: +254 713 601113
>
> Twitter: @AliHKassim
>
> Skype: abu-jomo
>
> LinkedIn: http://ke.linkedin.com/in/alihkassim
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Any information of a personal nature expressed in this email are purely
> mine and do not necessarily reflect the official positions of the
> organizations that I work with.
>
>
>
>
>
> On Thu, Feb 18, 2021 at 10:47 AM Andrew Alston <
> Andrew.Alston at liquidtelecom.com> wrote:
>
> Safaricom did tell you about the FUP – unlike most ISP’s in the world that
> never disclose what those FUP’s are.
>
>
>
> Also – I’d be very careful about alleging that ISP’s are all looking at
> user data – particularly because it’s a patently false allegation that all
> data is analyzed on all links. Yes – some ISP’s probably do do that kinda
> DPI on every circuit – but it certainly isn’t the case for a large portion
> of them – because its not economically feasible to do it.
>
>
>
> Again, someone would have to pay for those analytics engines – and having
> written a significant amount of code to detect ddos attacks using pure
> packet headers (metadata) – I can tell you flatly that this belief that an
> ISP is sniffing every packet and analyzing it – is a conspiracy theory with
> very little basis in fact.
>
>
>
> To back this up – on a software based platform – the following is the
> processing pipeline for packet analytics of packet metadata
>
>
>
> 1. Receive the packet
> 2. Categorize the packet
>
>
> 1. By the Ethernet Protocol ID (IPv4, IPv6, possibly .1q tags)
> 2. By the Layer 4 Protocol byte (Specifically byte 9 of the IP
> header in V4 traffic)
> 3. Store the 32bit Source and Destination – combined with the
> Source and Destination port of the Layer 4 header dependent on if its UDP
> or TCP
> 4. Hash the whole lot and place it into a lookup table against the
> 5 way tuple.
>
>
> 1. Even if you vectorize that process – you are still looking at a
> coupla milliseconds per packet – times millions of packets a second. A
> modern server can do that kinda accounting at ~20gigabit/second if they
> bypass kernel which bloats things – but – they haven’t touched the data
> segment of the packet.
> 2. If you look at Cisco routers – if you do port mirroring – you are
> limited to mirroring the first 128 bytes of the packet – because the
> replication of anything beyond that kills performance, it can’t be done at
> line rate
> 3. If you look at Juniper routers – you can port mirror for analytics
> on the full packet – but at the cost of performance.
> 4. On hardware asic based routing – analytics such as you are
> referring to requires CPU punt – because the asics aren’t designed to do
> what you are proposing.
>
>
>
> A 10gig circuit can be running in excess of a million packets a second –
> even if you are vectorizing the packet processing – just analyzing the
> headers to categorize it – before you attempt to hash it and bucket it –
> requires a minimum of 100 instructions post packet receipt – add the
> hashing and bucketing – you’re looking at a few thousand instructions to
> the CPU **per packet** - add the payload analytics – this goes up by
> orders of magnitude – last I checked – ISP’s don’t have super computers
> lying around.
>
>
>
> If you want full DPI to the level of analytics you are proposing – you
> HAVE to analyze the full payload content of the packet – and while there
> are boxes that can do this – they cost **millions** (of dollars not KSH)
> – and ISP’s generally aren’t gonna spend that kinda money unless they have
> to – because the cost has to be passed to the users.
>
>
>
> Andrew
>
>
>
> *From: *Ali Hussein <ali at hussein.me.ke>
> *Date: *Thursday, 18 February 2021 at 10:32
> *To: *Andrew Alston <Andrew.Alston at liquidtelecom.com>
> *Cc: *KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions <kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke>
> *Subject: *Re: [kictanet] Safaricom changes to home fibre ToS
>
> Andrew
>
>
>
> Wacha kizungu mingi (I think you are Kenyan enough to understand what I've
> just said). 😁
>
>
>
> Let me put you on the spot. To come up with FUP's you already know whose
> doing what so that 'innocence' of telling us about privacy now is moot.
> You all use these tools to snoop on us. Period. Now do it for the benefit
> of the customer. Not yours. This is really very simple. You all are crying
> foul about costs blah blah...but when you were wooing us you didn't tell us
> about FUP...
>
>
>
> Do the right thing mate...Be on the right side of history.
>
>
>
> Regards
>
>
>
> *Ali Hussein*
>
> Digital Transformation
>
>
>
> Tel: +254 713 601113
>
> Twitter: @AliHKassim
>
> Skype: abu-jomo
>
> LinkedIn: http://ke.linkedin.com/in/alihkassim
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Any information of a personal nature expressed in this email are purely
> mine and do not necessarily reflect the official positions of the
> organizations that I work with.
>
>
>
>
>
> On Thu, Feb 18, 2021 at 10:19 AM Andrew Alston <
> Andrew.Alston at liquidtelecom.com> wrote:
>
> Ali,
>
>
>
> I respectfully disagree – FUP’s have been apart of the Internet since day
> one since they protect the integrity of the networks as a whole.
>
>
>
> You have the option of buying an account without such an FUP – it just
> costs more – because someone has to cover the costs. Bandwidth doesn’t
> come free. This is the same reason why there are contention ratios (which
> I notice Safaricom also publishes).
>
>
>
> You refer to big data analytics – yet if I were to propose that an ISP
> actively sniff and analyze user traffic – you’d be screaming about
> violations of privacy – because the type of analytics you are talking about
> would require deep packet inspection at levels you don’t even want to
> contemplate.
>
>
>
> Let me be clear – you get what you pay for – and if every user decided to
> use their FUP allocated terabyte to its full capacity – for every 3240
> users you would need a 10gigabit circuit – if every user ran at their
> maximum speeds on the 100mbit accounts – for every 100 users you would need
> a 10gigabit circuit. Trust me when I say – there is no world in which an
> ISP could afford to provide 10gigabit of bandwidth at a cost of effectively
> under $11k a month and still remain viable – which is what would happen if
> all those users maxed out.
>
>
>
> So – let me ask you – would you prefer that ALL the users be penalized
> with significantly higher prices – or would you prefer that people abide by
> what is fair (and what is in this case, a FUP that is 4 times the global
> average usage for home user accounts – which is just north of 250gigabytes
> of data a month on global average)
>
>
>
> Andrew
>
>
>
>
>
> *From: *Ali Hussein <ali at hussein.me.ke>
> *Date: *Thursday, 18 February 2021 at 10:11
> *To: *KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions <kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke>
> *Cc: *Andrew Alston <Andrew.Alston at liquidtelecom.com>
> *Subject: *Re: [kictanet] Safaricom changes to home fibre ToS
>
> Andrew
>
>
>
> Let me call this BS as it should be called. BS. Surely, of all people, you
> shouldn't be the one to justify FUP. I appreciate your honesty though. 😀
>
>
>
> Here's a thought:-
>
>
>
> With all the tools available using Big Data and Analytics, aren't you all
> able to isolate the abusers and punish them instead of painting all of us
> with the same abuser tar brush?
>
>
>
> I think we are in the age of companies treating their customers with the
> respect they deserve and actually do right by them. What you have described
> is communal punishment. This is wrong and the regulator needs to take note.
>
>
>
> Regards
>
>
>
> *Ali Hussein*
>
> Digital Transformation
>
>
>
> Tel: +254 713 601113
>
> Twitter: @AliHKassim
>
> Skype: abu-jomo
>
> LinkedIn: http://ke.linkedin.com/in/alihkassim
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Any information of a personal nature expressed in this email are purely
> mine and do not necessarily reflect the official positions of the
> organizations that I work with.
>
>
>
>
>
> On Thu, Feb 18, 2021 at 8:13 AM Andrew Alston via kictanet <
> kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke> wrote:
>
> I’ve hesitated to climb into this but – here goes anyway (everything
> written in personal capacity)
>
>
>
> Firstly – almost ALL ISP’s have FUP’s in some form or another – generally
> buried deep in the T&C’s – as someone stated to me – in the UK with certain
> ISP’s suddenly your line just gets slow and then when you call support you
> find yourself quietly diverted to the abuse department.
>
>
>
> The fact is that FUP’s are a necessary evil.
>
>
>
> 1. They prevent customers from reselling one account to multiple other
> parties while sharing it using NAT – which impacts the financial viability
> of the service and make its more expensive for everyone else in the end
> 2. ISP’s operate on contention ratios – if you do not impose some form
> of FUP – you either have to put up the price or the contention ratios are
> going to get out of whack – and everyone else is going to suffer.
> 3. Globally most home accounts use well shy of half a terabyte a month
> – a terabyte of data is a LOT of data for a single home
>
>
>
> So let’s just put some context in what a terabyte of data actually means
> – and I always use video as the prime gauge of this because it’s the
> easiest example.
>
>
>
> Your average Netflix 4k film runs at ~25mbit at absolute maximum if you
> are watching 4K on an HDR enabled TV. That’s 22.5 Gigabytes of data every
> 2 hours – if you watch one 4K 2 hour movie every single day for a month you
> will eat 675gigs of data. If we drop this to 1080p – which is far more
> common – you are using ~7 megabit of bandwidth – or 6.3gigs every 2 hours –
> if you watch 300 hours of 1080p content in a month – or 10 hours a day –
> you still haven’t hit that cap.
>
>
>
> Effectively – you could watch one 4K movie every day for a month – and
> still watch 150 40minute tv episodes in 1080p in a month – and have room to
> move.
>
>
>
> To look at it from another perspective – installation of something like
> Ubuntu Linux over the net – you could still over 400 machines on that kinda
> data load in a month.
>
>
>
> With regards to gaming – you may burn 100gig pulling down a game and game
> updates – but after that in game play you are using tiny amounts of
> bandwidth and could keep yourself playing easily for a month with space to
> spare.
>
>
>
> On Zoom calls – if you ran zoom 24 hours a day – for a month – you’d use
> less than 70% of that cap.
>
>
>
> Also – I might point out that the FUP’s slow your link down once you hit
> that cap – to a rate that is still useable if a little sluggish.
>
>
>
> Basically what I’m saying in all of this – Safaricom’s FUP and T&C’s to me
> seem perfectly reasonable and designed to protect the network – with the
> alternative being – the price goes up for everyone or everyone suffers
> because of the few when the network congests. Bandwidth aint free – and
> you can’t have it both ways – the product still has to make financial sense
> to both the consumer and the provider
>
>
>
> Andrew
>
>
>
>
>
> *From: *kictanet <kictanet-bounces+andrew.alston=
> liquidtelecom.com at lists.kictanet.or.ke> on behalf of Adam Lane via
> kictanet <kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke>
> *Date: *Thursday, 18 February 2021 at 07:36
> *To: *Andrew Alston <Andrew.Alston at liquidtelecom.com>
> *Cc: *Adam Lane <adam.lane at huawei.com>
> *Subject: *Re: [kictanet] Safaricom changes to home fibre ToS
>
> There's a webinar on this topic today for those interested
>
> A Public Policy Discussion on #HomeFibre and #FairUsage Policies in Kenya.
>
> 🗓️ Thursday, 18th February 2021
>
> 🕜 12:00PM - 1:30PM
>
> Sign up here:
>
> 🔗 https://t.co/LdD11UVy8q
>
> #LawyersHub #AfricaLawTech #ISP https://t.co/a5w9SUiAl6
>
>
> Speakers from CA, Safaricom, Liquid, KICTAnet,
>
>
>
> *From:*Beryl Aidi via kictanet <kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke>
>
> *To:*Adam Lane <adam.lane at huawei.com>
>
> *Cc:*Beryl Aidi <bee.aidi at gmail.com>
>
> *Date:*2021-02-18 05:57:28
>
> *Subject:*Re: [kictanet] Safaricom changes to home fibre ToS
>
>
>
> Thank you Sidney for this.
>
> I don’t think Safaricom is being sincere in this fair usage limits. They
> promised that with Home Fibre one can stream, download or upload stuff
> without limits. All you do is pay your monthly subscription. Fair usage is
> a type of rationing that limits how much you can do when you had been
> promised that you can do whatever you want. To me this is going back on a
> promise. It’s reminiscent of the days of unlimited 3GB bundles on the
> dongle modem only for them to strike you with a fair usage notice. Are
> other networks doing the same? As the industry leader in the country, this
> is bound to influence other industry players to adopt the same standards
> and limits which is not good. Maybe it might be time to seek other options.
>
>
>
> Regards
>
> Beryl
>
>
>
> Sent from my iPad
>
>
> On 16 Feb 2021, at 9:47 PM, Mwendwa Kivuva via kictanet <
> kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke> wrote:
>
> Thanks Sidney for initiating this debate.
>
>
>
> On Tue, 16 Feb 2021 at 19:44, Sidney Ochieng via kictanet <
> kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke> wrote:
>
> Listers,
>
> Not sure if you've seen the stir online of changes to the ToS with
> Safaricom's home offering.
>
> Safaricom is destroying Home Fibre with new ‘Fair Usage’ Limits:
> https://tech-ish.com/2021/02/14/safaricom-is-destroying-home-fibre-with-new-fair-usage-limits/
>
>
>
> The response from the company has been disappointing in the extreme,
> misleading with statistics and suggesting that it's best customers are
> thieves <https://twitter.com/Safaricom_Care/status/1360876964651929600>,
> never mind that working for home has lead to increased demand and use of
> their services.
>
>
>
> That tweet certainly does not call resellers thieves. It calls them
> resellers.
>
>
>
>
>
> All this is beside the point, at least for this forum, what I'm concerned
> about this that if we didn't have an eagle-eyed blogger looking out for
> this, it would have been completely missed until it was already in place.
>
>
>
> So I have a few of questions:
>
> 1. Does the CA have any policies around ToS changes around services
> under their purview and how they are communicated to users?
>
> CA has a consumer and public affairs department. Here is what they have to
> say about ToC ( CA/CPA/CEP/B/05/2014 )
> https://ca.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Consumer-Rights-and-Responsibilities.pdf
>
>
>
>
> Perhaps CA should update that information. It is 6 years old. But good
> information nevertheless.
>
>
> 1. Should companies that run what could be considered critical
> infrastructure be allowed to arbitrarily change their ToS to apply
> retroactively especially if it's to the detriment of their customers?
>
> I hope lawyers here can help us with this.
>
>
> 1.
> 2. If customers choose not to accept a change in ToS what redress do
> they have given that perhaps the provider is the only one available in
> their area.
> 3. Finally, given that we know this could all be avoided if there was
> more competition in the fibre market, what is the CA doing to make it so
> that we have more competition in that area? It's concerning that Safaricom
> seems to only option for home connections in several places
>
> Determined by the market and economic forces. Just the other day,
> Safaricom was not in the home fibre market. What they have provided are
> more options for consumers. Numbers are stubborn facts. Fixed data
> subscription is as follows: Data source CA, July -September 2020 period,
> page 19
> https://ca.go.ke/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Sector-Statistics-Report-Q1-2020-2021.pdf
>
> Safaricom PLC 229,406 subscribers, 35.6% market share
>
> Wananchi Group (Kenya) Ltd* 202,237 subscribers , 31.4 35.6% market share
>
> Jamii Telecommunications Ltd 127,914 subscribers , 19.8 Poa % market
> share
>
> Internet Kenya Ltd 56,824 subscribers ,8.8% market share
>
> Mawingu Networks Ltd 11,087 subscribers, 1.7 % market share
>
> Internet Solutions Kenya Ltd 9,228 subscribers, 1.4 % market share
>
>
>
> Consumers are speaking with their wallets.
>
>
>
> As a policy discussion list, probably what we should be asking is what is
> the fair cost for certain broadband packages, and whether there is anything
> that can be really unlimited. Wearing my competent network engineer hat, I
> can tell you even at Safaricom, they don't have unlimited bandwidth.
> Bandwidth is a limited resource to the extent of the network devices,
> network media, and cost of acquiring and delivering that bandwidth to your
> edge device.
>
>
>
> Best Regards
>
> ______________________
> Mwendwa Kivuva, Nairobi, Kenya
>
> https://www.linkedin.com/in/mwendwa-kivuva
>
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>
> The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform
> for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and
> regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in the ICT
> sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and development.
>
> KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors
> online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and bandwidth,
> share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect privacy, do
> not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.
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> _______________________________________________
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>
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>
> The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform
> for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and
> regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in the ICT
> sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and development.
>
> KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors
> online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and bandwidth,
> share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect privacy, do
> not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.
>
>
>
> --
>
> *Barrack Otieno*
>
> *Trustee*
>
> *Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTAnet)*
>
> *Skype:barrack.otieno*
>
> *+254721325277*
>
> *https://www.linkedin.com/in/barrack-otieno-2101262b/
> <https://www.linkedin.com/in/barrack-otieno-2101262b/>*
>
> *www.kictanet.or.ke <http://www.kictanet.or.ke>*
>
> _______________________________________________
> kictanet mailing list
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>
> Unsubscribe or change your options at
> https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/josiah.mugambi%40gmail.com
>
> The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform
> for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and
> regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in the ICT
> sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and development.
>
> KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors
> online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and bandwidth,
> share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect privacy, do
> not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.
>
>
>
>
> --
>
> Josiah Mugambi
>
> _______________________________________________
> kictanet mailing list
> kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke
> https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet
> Twitter: http://twitter.com/kictanet
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>
> Unsubscribe or change your options at
> https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/tevinmwenda%40gmail.com
>
> The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform
> for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and
> regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in the ICT
> sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and development.
>
> KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors
> online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and bandwidth,
> share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect privacy, do
> not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.
>
> _______________________________________________
> kictanet mailing list
> kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke
> https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet
> Twitter: http://twitter.com/kictanet
> Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/KICTANet/
>
> Unsubscribe or change your options at
> https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/ggitagia%40gmail.com
>
> The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform
> for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and
> regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in the ICT
> sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and development.
>
> KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors
> online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and bandwidth,
> share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect privacy, do
> not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.
>
>
>
>
> --
>
> GG
>
> _______________________________________________
> kictanet mailing list
> kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke
> https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet
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>
> Unsubscribe or change your options at
> https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/vkapiyo%40gmail.com
>
> The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform
> for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and
> regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in the ICT
> sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and development.
>
> KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors
> online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and bandwidth,
> share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect privacy, do
> not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.
>
> _______________________________________________
> kictanet mailing list
> kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke
> https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet
> Twitter: http://twitter.com/kictanet
> Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/KICTANet/
>
> Unsubscribe or change your options at
> https://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/odhiambo%40gmail.com
>
> The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) is a multi-stakeholder platform
> for people and institutions interested and involved in ICT policy and
> regulation. The network aims to act as a catalyst for reform in the ICT
> sector in support of the national aim of ICT enabled growth and development.
>
> KICTANetiquette : Adhere to the same standards of acceptable behaviors
> online that you follow in real life: respect people's times and bandwidth,
> share knowledge, don't flame or abuse or personalize, respect privacy, do
> not spam, do not market your wares or qualifications.
>
>
>
>
> --
>
> Best regards,
> Odhiambo WASHINGTON,
> Nairobi,KE
> +254 7 3200 0004/+254 7 2274 3223
> "Oh, the cruft.", grep ^[^#] :-)
>
--
Best regards,
Odhiambo WASHINGTON,
Nairobi,KE
+254 7 3200 0004/+254 7 2274 3223
"Oh, the cruft.", grep ^[^#] :-)
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