[kictanet] Fw: RE: One subject, varying quality - We lack an accreditation system for ICT courses
eunicekariuki at ict.go.ke
eunicekariuki at ict.go.ke
Mon Jul 6 11:22:41 EAT 2009
Alex,
Sticking with your concern that ICT Board has committed to equip 300 digital villages with computers loaded with proprietary software, I regret that I have gone through the long email below and still did not find evidence or confirmation of the same.
My earlier response thus remains.
Policy is MoICs mandate and listers will agree with me that every effort is made to receive contributions from all stakeholders including the ICT board and kictanet, to name just two.
Information about TCIP is readily available at the board, its website, RCIP section in world bank website. I however comment you for the lengths you went to get the details.
I hope this clears all concerns about ICT boards digital villages ( Pasha Centres) implementation.
Kind regards
Ek
Sent from my BlackBerry® smartphone from Zain Kenya
-----Original Message-----
From: Gakuru Alex <alexgakuru.lists at gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 4 Jul 2009 17:15:20
To: <eunicekariuki at ict.go.ke>
Cc: <kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke>
Subject: Re: [kictanet] Fw: RE: One subject,varying quality - We lack an
accreditation system for ICT courses
Eunice,
Consumer public watchdog role of public offices is called for by the ICT
Policy. 9.6 (c) "Consumers and users will be expected to participate in
ensuring continued review of Government policy in accordance with
technological and consumer trends."
I put it that Ndemo and Eunice are playing around with words to conceal and
“manage” public perception of what they are actually implementing all while
giving lip service support to FOSS, if not using every evidence and
opportunity they get to attempt to discredit FOSS and its local ICT
entrepreneurs.
Ndemo and the Board actually got shs 320 million from the World Bank for
proprietary software licenses and surrounding expenses for their
projects."Licenses, the management system and the rudimentary data warehouse
are estimated at US$4 million" The World Bank required ICT policy (also on
software) to be followed. It was not followed and Ndemo's statement “What
each party (Proprietary or OSS) does should not concern policy” is thus null
and void. Why did they not also have a provision for Open Source Software on
the funding proposals?
Eunice has questioned my credibility I am therefore providing indisputable
evidence-right to reply candidly giving my defense at this public court -
interpret below document reference in this context. Excuse me for not
sending it onlist but you may also ask the World Bank, if you want.
Courtesy of US Freedom of Information Act (governs World Bank information)
on 31 July, 2008, I requested and was directed to the complete “KENYA
TRANSPARENCY & COMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT (TCIP/CIP 1)” dated 5
March, 2007.
Which I read and observed its stated terms of use: “This document has a
restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the
performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be
disclosed without World Bank authorization.
”
----excerpt-----
25.TCIP contribution to connect Government. TCIP will fund the following:
The internal LAN connections in two buildings which are shared with
government offices (NSSF and Utalii House) along with their connections to
the fiber optics network to serve five small Ministries. This is estimated
cost US$1 million.
The enterprise software licenses for government staff and the document
management system for government records will be procured and deployed in a
manner consistent with the standards and guidelines specified in the
Government’s I C T policy, along with the hardware required for storage o f
the data. Licenses, the management system and the rudimentary data warehouse
are estimated at US$4 million.
The project will also fund the software and hardware required for the IP
Platform and the Network Operations Center, also in a manner consistent with
the standards and guidelines specified in the Government’s I C T policy.
This subcomponent i s estimated at US$7 million.
Furthermore, TCIP will fund the training, change management and capacity
building which will enable the government to take full advantage o f the
internal systems and to ensure that they are professionally deployed and
maintained. Considerable resources are required, on the order o f US$4
million.
26.Leveraging other sources of finance. Other development partners have
indicated their willingness to fund the National Data Center and the
Disaster Recovery Center; it should be noted that success o f the Government
o f Kenya’s communication network is contingent on secured funding for all
elements described above.
27. T U P Component 2d - Support to the Digital Village initiative – US$lO
million TCIP will support the scaling-up of successfully piloted Digital
Village initiative. Digital villages are e-centers that provide a suite o f
services to the public via computers connected to the internet, digital
cameras, printers, fax machines and other communication infrastructure.
These services include, but are not limited to: e-mail and internet access;
e-banking (e.g., money transfer services such as Posta Pay); eGovernment
(e.g., police abstract forms, tax returns, P3 forms, and driving license
applications); e- business (e.g., franchised postal and courier services);
e-learning; e-health; e-markets (e.g., agricultural commodity pricing and
exchange); and e-monitoring *(e.g., real-time local level monitoring of
development funds and projects)*. Pilot Digital Villages are run by private
entrepreneurs who obtained training in business and information technology
from a certified program. This component will support the Government over 3
years to roll out and scale up the successfully piloted Digital Village
initiative which aims at providing internet access and e-services at the
grassroots level via public-private partnerships.
28.TCIP support to include training, a grant facility, I T support, and
internet connectivity.
The provision o f training programs in business and information technology
from a certified program will be supported by the project (US$2 million).
Prospective entrepreneurs who have obtained certification will be eligible
to apply for a Digital Village development loan from a revolving fund: the
Digital Village Fund (DVF). The project will contribute US$4 million to the
Government funded DVF over a three year period in 3 installments. Although
initially envisaged as a grant facility, the DVF could be structured as a
revolving fund (the funds allocated to each entrepreneur would be repayable
into the DVF over a 3 year period). These funds received by the
entrepreneurs will be used to finance set-up costs and the required
infrastructure (computers, printers, software etc). The grant facility will
be managed by the ICT Board Grant Manager and will follow the governance and
disbursement mechanisms set in the Grants Operational Manual (the manual
will be formulated as part o f the technical assistance activity specified
in l(c) above). Over the first 3 years the project will support the
provision o f IT support to Digital Villages (US$2 million) and finance
internet connectivity (US$2 million) which are critical to support the
incubation o f the initiative and ensure sustainability. Overall it i s
expected this project component will support the establishment of 300
Digital Villages over a 3 year period.
-- end citation --
Conclusions:
1.Digital Villages funding need not be 'loans' to the entrepreneurs since as
'grants' was provided for. What was the rationale used by the ICT board to
decide all Digital Villages funds should be loaned to the entrepreneurs and
persons with disabilities? (In as much as it was also provided for)
2. We appreciate the power of Freedom of Information law.
3. I highly doubt Dr. Ndemo's commitment to our Freedom of Information law
legislation.
4.It is not proper for the PS to lay claim on “A good policy levels the play
ground.”
5.'Problem solving postponement' routine while the PPDA, 2005 law is in
place? “That is why we need the procurement rules change to give everybody
an equal chance.” is a mere 'perception management' path/decoy.
6.Elsewhere, we strongly differ on ethics as regards Public Office use to
promote private interests and own gain. The PS now reportedly appears
Safaricom (private mobico) television commercials and obviously “he received
something.” He responds saying that he sees nothing wrong with that,
“apologies for what?” he asks.
7.If you want to know what local technical community feels of the current
ICT leadership in government, a local mailing member recently wrote “Ideas
and issues should be floated regularly and resoundingly so that at the end
of the day there are no excuses why in some countries you can receive almost
all services online while here we fondly believe 'download and print' is
e-government.
8.Perhaps the 2006 ICT Policy may have erred in professing Kenya had
automagically found High Level ICT leadership and calling for it to be
“protected” . Previous ICT Policy drafts lamented absence of high level
leadership.
9.Processes and leaderships that suppress (irrepressible) truths only serve
to entrench public resentment of government culminating to disasters like
early last year's. We should work hard to avoid their repeat..
Above document refers to 300 digital villages and up until Eunice's message
the ICT Board training materials developed were proprietary software-base,
none were on FOSS.
I hope for specific responses to all above issues raised.
Gakuru
On Fri, Jul 3, 2009 at 9:15 AM, <eunicekariuki at ict.go.ke> wrote:
> Dear Alex,
> I am not sure why you got your information about the ICT board having
rolled out 300 digital Villages with proprietary software from these are not
fact based.
>
> When that time comes, the entrepreneurs will be free to procure whichever
computer brands with whichever operating systems they prefer they feel will
enable them operate the digital villages.
>
> This is why the board is training entrepreneurs who will be capable of
making prudent business decisions on their own.
>
> After the training they will apply for grants from the board, through an
agency, with which to procure what they need to be able to run their digital
villages.
>
> I believe Dr Ndemo clarified the government policy and Sang raised
pertinent issues to chew on.
>
> It would be good to comment on issues based on facts.
>
> Ek
>
>
>
> , because the board has
> Sent from my BlackBerry® smartphone from Zain Kenya
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Gakuru Alex <alexgakuru.lists at gmail.com>
>
> Date: Tue, 30 Jun 2009 08:34:24
> To: <eunicekariuki at ict.go.ke>
> Cc: <kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke>
> Subject: Re: [kictanet] Fw: RE: One subject,
> varying quality - We lack an accreditation system for ICT
courses
>
>
> It is not and in fact the law reinforces it. But while Section 34 of
> the Public Procurement and Disposal Act, 2005 is very clear on
> procurement, public officials continually break this law by choosing
> to purchase proprietary software. Those in the know say that savings
> on proprietary licences, in one year alone, are enough to bring
> elevate 1 district's ICT to the level Nairobi enjoys. What motivates
> government procurement officials to insist on spending public funds on
> proprietary software?
>
> Also consider the case of ICT Board 300+ "digital villages" all rolled
> out on proprietary software. This means those entrepreneuers will
> every year pay Operating syetem and surrounding sofwtare licences ad
> infinitum. Talk of unnecessary cost burdens...
>
> Despite local Open Source Software community calling on the ICT Board
> to inform and train them on the abundantly available FOSS options.
>
> Over to Uhuru Kenyatta and treasury public expenditure cost-saving
officials...
> ---
>
> "Finance Minister Uhuru Kenyatta Thursday directed the Public
> Procurement Oversight Authority - PPOA to develop guidelines that will
> ensure that procurement of public goods and services is done
> transparently while safeguarding public funds from misuse.
>
> Uhuru who addressed a news conference immediately after reading the
> budget estimates to parliament, said the Public Procurement Oversight
> Authority has to ensure transparency among government departments that
> deal with procurement."
> <http://www.kbc.co.ke/story.asp?ID=57928
>
> regards,
>
> Alex
>
> On Tue, Jun 30, 2009 at 8:02 AM, Mwololo Tim<timwololo at gmail.com> wrote:
>> Listers,
>>
>> Our 2006 national ICT policy is silent on open source software (OSS). As
we
>> think of a review of this policy, which according to me is due due to a
>> number of issues (Vision 2030, BPO, and many other developments), we
should
>> think seriously about a section on OSS policy.
>>
>> tim mwololo
>>
>>
>> On 6/29/09, Evans Ikua <ikua at lpakenya.org> wrote:
>>>
>>> There is also Camara Kenya (the local office of camara.ie) that has done
>>> tremendous work in the area of putting hardware in schools, both Primary
and
>>> Secondary, installing open source software, supporting them, and
training
>>> the teachers. This in a short period of time.
>>>
>>> Their work has mainly been in the coast region but they are also getting
>>> into the hinterland. They have about 150 volunteers from Ireland who
have
>>> just come in and they will conduct trainings for about a month.
>>>
>>> They have equipped schools in the whole of Lamu island, and many schools
>>> at the coast.
>>>
>>> They are achieving much more by using FOSS as a computer installed with
>>> Linux gives much more to a student as opposed to one installed with
Windows.
>>> Because they are not spending a penny on software licenses, they are
able to
>>> supply like twice the number of PCs than if they were to have the
schools
>>> buy licenses.
>>>
>>> Ikua
>>>
>>> --
>>> Evans Ikua
>>> Linux Professional Association of Kenya
>>> Tel: +254-20-2250381, Cell: +254-722 955 831
>>> Eagle House, 2nd Floor
>>> Kimathi Street, Opp. Corner House
>>> www.lpakenya.org
>>>
>>>
>>> Quoting Walubengo J <jwalu at yahoo.com>:
>>>
>>>> forwarded--- On Thu, 6/25/09, Emmanuel Khisa
>>>> <emmanuel.khisa at kadet.co.ke> wrote:
>>>>
>>>> From: Emmanuel Khisa <emmanuel.khisa at kadet.co.ke>
>>>> Subject: RE: [kictanet] One subject,varying quality - We lack an
>>>> accreditation system for ICT courses
>>>> To: "'Walubengo J'" <jwalu at yahoo.com>
>>>> Date: Thursday, June 25, 2009, 10:11 AM
>>>>
>>>> And Project Discovery Kenya has been able to train more that 200
primary
>>>> school teachers over the last five years in conjunction with Institute
of
>>>> Software technologies...I also know that similar training went on in
Yala
>>>> Division last April for Primary school teachers in the division
organised
>>>> by
>>>> the Computers for Schools.
>>>> On the subject of lack of adequate professors, I will leave that to
>>>> Academicians and those keen on interrogating academics, I however would
>>>> like
>>>> the ICT training to move from over concentration with the academics and
>>>> more
>>>> to the more handson...more like incubator based learning
approach...While
>>>> the Far East economies have good universities, they still put more
>>>> premium
>>>> on handson skills...It is sad that even our graduate engineers let
alone
>>>> IT
>>>> graduates (who by the way take a lot of flack) cannot invent or think
>>>> outside the box...I mean no invention ever comes out of these highly
>>>> restricted courses yet only a select few universities dare to venture
>>>> into...
>>>>
>>>> The answer in my opinion lies in building skills that are more
practical
>>>> and
>>>> focussed on creating entrepreneural opportunities.
>>>>
>>>> Rgds,
>>>>
>>>> Manu
>>>>
>>>> "New opinions are always suspected and usually opposed, without any
other
>>>> reason but because they are not already common."
>>>> P Before printing, think about the Environment and your
responsibilities
>>>> -----Original Message-----
>>>> From: kictanet-bounces+emmanuel.khisa=kadet.co.ke at lists.kictanet.or.ke
>>>> [mailto:kictanet-bounces+emmanuel.khisa<kictanet-bounces%2Bemmanuel.khisa>
=kadet.co.ke at lists.kictanet.or.ke]
>>>> On
>>>> Behalf Of Walubengo J
>>>> Sent: Thursday, June 25, 2009 8:41 AM
>>>> To: emmanuel.khisa at kadet.co.ke
>>>> Cc: KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions
>>>> Subject: Re: [kictanet] One subject,varying quality - We lack an
>>>> accreditation system for ICT courses
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> I agree that something is happening within the High-School teaching
>>>> fraternity. Last April, Multimedia University College trained 80 high
>>>> school
>>>> headteachers from Samburu and I think Transmara Districts, giving them
>>>> basic
>>>> ICT skills...am aware Strathmore University, IAT etc also do such
>>>> trainings
>>>> regularly...It may not be enough, but its definitely a good kick in the
>>>> right direction.
>>>>
>>>> As for the University Level IT faculty staff. Unfortunately the
>>>> statistics
>>>> are likely to be true. You can count the number of IT Professors in
this
>>>> country on your three fingers ;-)
>>>>
>>>> walu.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> --- On Wed, 6/24/09, Barnabas K. Sang <bksang at education.go.ke> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> From: Barnabas K. Sang <bksang at education.go.ke>
>>>>> Subject: Re: [kictanet] One subject, varying quality - We lack an
>>>>
>>>> accreditation system for ICT courses
>>>>>
>>>>> To: jwalu at yahoo.com
>>>>> Cc: "KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions" <kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke>
>>>>> Date: Wednesday, June 24, 2009, 11:32 PM
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Betty,
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Thanks for your response on the article
>>>>> mentioned below. Will go
>>>>> through it and perhaps respond on key issues raised, which
>>>>> ICT in Education has
>>>>> already done or planned. I hope it will minimize fears all
>>>>> of us have or may be
>>>>> persuaded to think all is totally misplaced and lost.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> ?ICT Integration? is currently Ministry
>>>>> of Education focus, and
>>>>> steps already put in place are expected to make Kenya
>>>>> improve both teaching and
>>>>> learning environment, with better education ?products?
>>>>> across all levels.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Kind regards
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> B. K. Sang
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> From:
>>>>> kictanet-bounces+bksang=education.go.ke at lists.kictanet.or.ke
>>>>> [mailto:kictanet-bounces+bksang <kictanet-bounces%2Bbksang>=
education.go.ke at lists.kictanet.or.ke]
>>>>> On
>>>>> Behalf Of Betty Ogange
>>>>>
>>>>> Sent: Wednesday, June 24, 2009 4:31 PM
>>>>>
>>>>> To: Barnabas K. Sang
>>>>>
>>>>> Cc: KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions
>>>>>
>>>>> Subject: Re: [kictanet] One subject, varying quality
>>>>> - We lack an
>>>>> accreditation system for ICT courses
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Hallo David,
>>>>> Last week there was furore in this forum
>>>>> about media
>>>>> misrepresentation of the Kenyan situation. The article
>>>>> that you make
>>>>> reference to in today?s Standard (24.06.09) may be
>>>>> accurate in the areas that
>>>>> you have highlighted. However, I wish to take issue with
>>>>> a few points raised
>>>>> in the article.
>>>>
>>>>
http://www.eastandard.net/education/InsidePage.php?id=1144017693&cid=316
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> ?Unlike other academic fields, very
>>>>> little has been done
>>>>> to train most teachers in ICT skills. Currently, no
>>>>> primary teacher training
>>>>> college offers comprehensive pre-service training in
>>>>> information technology.?
>>>>>
>>>>> Anyone with a modest interest in education in
>>>>> Kenya would not
>>>>> miss something as obvious as a subject in the national
>>>>> curriculum when reporting
>>>>> in a national daily. Prior to the year 2004, a few
>>>>> colleges had ICT skills
>>>>> courses for pre-service teachers based on in-house
>>>>> curricula that were
>>>>> independently developed by each college. The Primary
>>>>> Teacher Education (PTE)
>>>>> ICT curriculum developed by the Kenya Institute of
>>>>> Education has been in
>>>>> force since the year 2004 and ICT is taught as a
>>>>> compulsory subject in all
>>>>> primary teacher training colleges. It is examined
>>>>> internally at the end of
>>>>> the first year and all students must pass in the subject,
>>>>> among other
>>>>> subjects, in order to proceed to second year. There are
>>>>> several
>>>>> implementation hitches in this programme arising from the
>>>>> fact that ICT is
>>>>> being taught as a discrete subject in the curriculum and
>>>>> has yet to be
>>>>> mainstreamed in the other subjects in the PTE curriculum.
>>>>> The debate around
>>>>> ICT- pedagogy integration in education and how to
>>>>> operationalise it right
>>>>> from curriculum development to classroom level
>>>>> implementation continues in
>>>>> the education circles.
>>>>>
>>>>> ?In-service training is often
>>>>> provided by trainers who
>>>>> are just barely literate in
>>>>> computers?
>>>>>
>>>>> In my knowledge, this has happened especially
>>>>> in instances when
>>>>> some hardware providers ?dangle? teacher training as
>>>>> an additional offer to
>>>>> the institution. TTCs used to hire ICT technicians to
>>>>> teach the course, but
>>>>> in the last 2 years, the Teacher Service Commission has
>>>>> posted trained
>>>>> lecturers of ICT to a number of TTCs. There have also
>>>>> been some highly
>>>>> professional training offered to college lecturers by
>>>>> Microsoft (in
>>>>> conjunction with the Institute of Advanced Technology -
>>>>> IAT) and the Kenya
>>>>> Technical Teachers College. Computers for Schools Kenya
>>>>> and the Nepad
>>>>> e-schools teacher training programmes have also reached
>>>>> teachers in selected
>>>>> secondary schools. Lack of co-ordination (as with the
>>>>> rest of the ICT
>>>>> initiatives in Kenya ), lack of clear training targets
>>>>> and time-lines have
>>>>> compromised continuity and impact of some of these
>>>>> training programmes.
>>>>>
>>>>> ?The
>>>>> entire ICT education is in tatters?
>>>>> An interesting analogy there. But I see a
>>>>> sector that is struggling
>>>>> with what some scholars in educational reform have called
>>>>> an ?implementation
>>>>> dip? ? that for a number of reasons things normally
>>>>> tend to get worse before
>>>>> they can get better. There are lots of difficulties in
>>>>> implementing large
>>>>> scale ICT initiatives in the education sector world over.
>>>>> In our country,
>>>>> there have been positive efforts by the Ministry of
>>>>> Education, the KIE and a
>>>>> number of stakeholders in education, and these do count.
>>>>> On the other hand,
>>>>> there has been the tendency (by education leaders)
>>>>> towards elaborate policy
>>>>> documents, ?ICT networks? and trust funds whose
>>>>> mandates remain
>>>>> indeterminate. All these need to be researched and
>>>>> accurately presented.
>>>>>
>>>>> Accurate reporting by the media and objective
>>>>> analysis of both
>>>>> the positives and difficulties are important in helping
>>>>> the public target
>>>>> their attention and effort. Besides the inaccuracies, the
>>>>> use of expressions
>>>>> such as ?in tatters? ?the situation is bad?,
>>>>> ?alarmed professionals?
>>>>> ?obsolete hardware? to describe ICT in education in
>>>>> Kenya sounds to me fairly
>>>>> sensational.
>>>>>
>>>>> Betty
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> --- On Wed, 6/24/09, David Otwoma
>>>>> <otwomad at gmail.com>
>>>>> wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> From: David Otwoma <otwomad at gmail.com>
>>>>>
>>>>> Subject: [kictanet] One subject, varying quality - We
>>>>> lack an accreditation
>>>>> system for ICT courses
>>>>>
>>>>> To: ogange at yahoo.com
>>>>>
>>>>> Cc: "KICTAnet ICT Policy Discussions"
>>>>> <kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke>
>>>>>
>>>>> Date: Wednesday, June 24, 2009, 9:32 AM
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> .....universities
>>>>> offer many degrees but their quality and market demand
>>>>> differ......
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Although
>>>>> nearly all universities offer degrees, only the
>>>>> University of Nairobi, Jomo
>>>>> Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology and
>>>>> Strathmore have
>>>>> Master?s programmes and only UON and Jkuat teach at
>>>>> doctoral level.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> There
>>>>> is a diminishing number of staff with PhDs in ICT
>>>>> departments. According to
>>>>> Prof Rodrigues, UoN has the highest number of full-time
>>>>> lecturers with PhDs
>>>>> in ICT that stands at eight of 18, while Jkuat has three
>>>>> of six, which is the
>>>>> same number for Strathmore.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Kenyatta
>>>>> University has nine full-time but none of them have a PhD
>>>>> or an equivalent
>>>>> qualification, while none of the Kabarak?s eight
>>>>> lecturers have a PhD. Two of
>>>>> six of United States International University has
>>>>> doctoral degrees.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Many
>>>>> lecturers have no experience as ICT professionals as
>>>>> engineers, software
>>>>> developers or in the emerging area of computer and
>>>>> network security.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> See
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
http://www.eastandard.net/education/InsidePage.php?id=1144017693&cid=316&
>>>>>
>>>>> for full story
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> --
>>>>>
>>>>> David Otwoma,
>>>>>
>>>>> Chief Science Secretary,
>>>>>
>>>>> National Council for Science and Technology,
>>>>>
>>>>> Utalii House 9th Floor,
>>>>>
>>>>> Mobile tel: +254 722 141771,
>>>>>
>>>>> Office tel: +254 (0)20 2346915,
>>>>>
>>>>> P. O. Box 5687 - 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
>>>>>
>>>>> email: otwomad at gmail.com & otwoma at ncst.go.ke
>>>>>
>>>>> www.ncst.go.ke
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> -----Inline Attachment Follows-----
>>>>>
>>>>>_______________________________________________
>>>>>
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>>>>>
>>>>> kictanet at lists.kictanet.or.ke
>>>>>
>>>>> http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/listinfo/kictanet
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> This message was sent to: ogange at yahoo.com
>>>>>
>>>>> Unsubscribe or change your options at
>>>>
>>>> http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/ogange%40yahoo.com
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> -----Inline Attachment Follows-----
>>>>>
>>>>>_______________________________________________
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>>>>>
>>>>> This message was sent to: jwalu at yahoo.com
>>>>> Unsubscribe or change your options at
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>>>> http://lists.kictanet.or.ke/mailman/options/kictanet/jwalu%40yahoo.com
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
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>>>>
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>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
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